1、高中英语语法复习数词 英语语法复习之数 词高考重点要求：1.掌握基数词、序数词、分数词、倍数、百分数、年月日、钟点、年龄、序号的基本用法。2.掌握不定数量词、约数词的表达方法。数词在各个题项中，单选、阅读、听力、写作中发挥着很强的作用，往往用以说明事实的精确性和可信性。数词是由两大部分构成的即基数词和序数词，而其他数字表示法如分数，小数等均由这两大部分的不同组合而构成。 (一)基数词：表示数目的词为基数词.112无规律one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve1319以teen为结尾thir
2、teen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen2090以ty结尾twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety2199十位与个位之间要加连字符 “-”twenty-five, sixty-five, ninety-nine101999百位与十位之间通常用andthree hundred and twenty-five(美语中常将and省略)千以上6275six thousand two hundred and seventy-five;120
3、0twelve hundred (二)序数词：表示顺序的数词为序数词.119各基数词尾加th其中七个例外：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, 其余，如：four forth, six sixth, nineteen nineteenth20,3090把y变i后加eth twentieth, fortieth, ninetieth21以后多位数最后一个数用序数词，其余用基数词21st twenty-first, 110th one hundred and tenth (三)分数：由基数词和序数词组成。分子用基数词，分母用序数词
4、，分子大于1，分母的序数词要用复数形式。One third; two thirds; a half; two and two-fifths（四）数词的用法：1.英语中年月日、点钟、序数词、分数词、等。2001.6.30:June 30,2001; 30June,2001 ;30thJune, 20017：25: seven twenty-five ; twenty-five past even12:54:twelve fifty four; six to one第21:twenty-first ; 第123:one hundred and twenty-third20%: 20 percent
5、第七路公共汽车Bus Number Seven第201房间Room 201人民路153号153 Renmin RoadAB:A is more than B.2.不定数量词“多”的表示法。被修饰名词的数英语表达汉译修饰可数名词dozens of 几十、许多，scores of 许多，many, a good(great) many, many a (饰单数可数名词)许多、大量，hundreds of 数以百计， thousands of ,成千上万，millions of 数百万，billions of 亿万修饰不可数名词much , a great (good)deal of ,a larg
6、e amount of ,large amounts of 许多、大量修饰可数名词或不可数名词a lot of /lots of ,plenty of，a large quantity of ,large quantities of 许多、大量练习一1. Two _died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old people B. hundred old peopleC. hundreds old peoples D. hundred old peoples2. He was only in_ at the time.A. his 20s B. the 20s
7、 C. his twenties D. the twenties3. The two great men wrote those letters in_ .A. 1870s B. 1879s C. the 1870s D. the 18704. I wonder if I can ask him_ time.A. four B. fourth C. the fourth D. a fourth5. He came out_ in the track events.A. first B. one C. the first D. the one 6. It was in 1939 that _br
8、oke out. A. World War Second B. the World War Second C. Second World War D. World War II 7. Youll have to spend _writing your report here. A. one day or two days B. one day or two C. a day or two D. two days or one 8. He cut the cake_ .A. in halves B. in half C. into halves D. into half 9. The earth
9、 is nearly_ the moon.A. 50 time the size of B. 50 times the size of C. 50 times as size as D. 50 times as that of10. Either you or the headmaster _the prizes for these gifted students at the meeting.A. is handing in B. are to hand out C. are handing in D. is to hand out11. _of the population here ar
10、e peasants.A. 20 percents B. 20 percent C. the 20 percent D. the 20 percents12. Its about_ , the thickness of a human hair.A. two-fifteenth B. two-fifteenths C. two fifteen D. two fifteens13. The price of such material was reduced_ .A. by 18 percent B. to 18 percent C. at 18 percent D. for 18 percen
11、t14. South of the equator, 81 percent of the surface of the earth_ water.A. is B. are C. was D. were15. They sold _boxes of such sweets last week.A. four dozen B. four dozens C. four dozens of D. four dozen of 练习二16. It took me _ days to finish drawing a beautiful horse.A. a half dozen B. half a doz
12、en C. haft dozens D. half dozen17._people were sent there to help fight against the flood.A. Three scores of B. Three score of C. Three score D. Three scores18. Dont leave you work,_ .A. done half B. half done C. a half done D. done a half19. Nobody can do two things well _ .A. at one time B. at onc
13、e C. one time D. once20. He has_ books in his study.A. several thousands B. some thousands of C. some thousands D. some thousand of21. On National day_ people take part in all kinds of celebration.A. hundreds of millions of B. millions of hundred ofC. hundreds millions of D. millions hundreds of22.
14、He has lived at_ for 30 years.A. No. 101 Heping StreetB. 101 Heping Street C. Heping Street 101 D. Heping street No. 10123. You can find him in_ .A. Room 201 B.201 Room C. the Room 20D. the 201 Room24. Its_ walk from here to my school.A. two - hours B. two hours C. two - hour D. a two - hour25. It w
15、as in_ when he was already in _ that he went to Yanan.A. the 1940s, the 40sB. the 1940s, his forties C. 1940s, his forties D. the 1940s, his 40s26. He went to the market and bought _eggs and some meat.A. three dozen of B. three dozen C. three dozens D. three dozens of27.Shortly after the accident tw
16、o _police were sent to the spot to keep order.A. dozen of B. dozens C. dozen D. dozens of (MET92 29)28.Mr Smith _me to buy several _eggs for the dinner.A. asked, dozen B. suggested, dozens of C. had, dozen D. persuaded, dozens of29._of the land in that district _covered with trees and grass.A. Two f
17、ifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths , is D. Two fifths, are (2000上海)30.Two _died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old people B. hundred old peopleC. hundred old peoples D. hundred old peoples 英语语法复习之介词Preposition（Prep.）一、定义：用在n.（或相当于n.的其它词类、短语或从句）之前，说明其与句子中另一成分的关系的词，又称前置词。二、分类：3种1 简单介词（Simple Pr
18、epositions）e.g. about, above, behind, besides, down, during, in, near, round, since, towards, with2 复合介词（Compound Prepositions）e.g. from among, from behind, from under, inside, outside, within, without, into, onto, out of, upon, throughout 3 短语介词（Phrasal Prepositions）e.g. according to, apart from（除之
19、外）, as a result of, as for/to（至于，关于）,because of, due to（由于）, in addition to（除之外，不但= besides, in front of, in spite of(尽管), instead of, owing to（由于）三、常见简单介词的基本用法1.表示地点位置的介词1)at ,in, on, to，forat (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在附近，旁边”in (1)表示 在大地方; (2)表示“在范围之内”。on 表示毗邻，接壤，“在上面”。to 表示在范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到”2)above, over,
20、on 在上above 指在上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对；over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。on表示某物体上面并与之接触。The bird is flying above my head. There is a bridge over the river.He put his watch on the desk.3)below, under 在下面under表示在正下方; below表示在下，不一定在正下方There is a cat under the table.Please write your name below the li
21、ne.4)in front of, in the front of在前面in front of意思是“在前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在的后面）。There are some flowers in front of the house.(房子前面有些花卉。)in the front of 意思是“在.的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是at the back of（在范围内的后部）。There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom.我们的教室前边有一块黑板。Our teacher stands in th
22、e front of the classroom.我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里) 5）beside，behindbeside 表示在旁边; behind 表示在后面2.表示时间的介词1)in , on，at 在时in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。如 in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in ones life , in ones thirties等。on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。如on May 1st, o
23、n Monday, on New Years Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节等。如at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of , at the age of , at Christmas， at night, at noon, at this moment等。注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词
24、之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day.2)in, after 在之后“in +段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后；“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后；“after+将来的时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。3)from, since 自从from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久；since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用。since表示自（某具体时间）以来，常用作完成时态谓语的时间状语。since liberation（1980）自从解放（1980年）以来 They have been close friends since childhoo
25、d他们从小就是好朋友。 （1）since the war是指自从战争结束以来，若指自从战争开始以来，须说since the beginning of the war。（2）不要将since与after混淆。比较：He has worked here since 1965（指一段时间，强调时间段）He began to work here after 1965（指一点时间，强调时间点）4)after, behind 在之后after主要用于表示时间；behind主要用于表示位置。时间名词前介词用法口诀年前周前要用in 具体日子要用on 遇到几号也用on 上午下午得是in要说某日上下午 用on换i
26、n记清楚 午夜黄昏用at 黎明用它也不错at用在时分前 说“差”可要用上to 说过要用past3.表示运动方向的介词：across, through 通过，穿过; across表示横过,即从物体表面通过，与on有关，为二维through穿过,即从物体内部穿过，与in有关，为三维。4.表示“在之间”的介词：between, amongbetween指在两个人或两个事物之间；among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。5.表示其他意义的介词1)on ,about 关于on 表示这本书，这篇文章或演说是严肃的，或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读；about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式。2)by
27、, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具by 以方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具；with 表示用 工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段；in 表示用方式，用语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等；3)except, besides 除了except 除之外，不包括在内；besides 除之外，包括在内。Except for Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.(王先生没去)Besides Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film.(王先生也去了)其它常用介词介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小，但它们的用法却非常灵活,复杂。下列为常用介词及含义:1
28、）about 关于,附近,大约,周围,随身.I have bought a book about Shakespearean.我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书。2）above 在.上,高出,以上,超过,在.上游.The plane is flying above the clouds.飞机在云上飞行。3）across 横过,对面,交叉,在.的对面.Can you swim across the river？你能游过河吗？4）after 在.后面,依照.He went home after school.他放学后就回家了。5）against 撞到，靠着,反对,违背,The car hit agains
29、t the tree.汽车撞了树。6）along 沿着,顺着.They are walking along the river.他们沿着河行走。7）among 在.当中.（三者或三者以上）He is the tallest among them.他是他们当中个子最高的。8）around 在.的周围,在.那一边.They sat around the table talking the news.他们绕桌而坐谈论新闻。9）as 作为.He doesnt like people treat him as a child.他不喜欢人们把他当小孩子对待。10）at 在.时刻,在.点钟,在.岁时, 向，
30、在.之中，按.速度,值(卖).钱, 在.（强调地点）He always gets up at six in the morning.他时常早上六点钟起床。He shot at the bird but missed it.他向鸟射击，但是没射中。The car goes at eighty miles an hour.汽车以每小时八十公里的速度行驶。11）before 在.的前面(位置),在.之前(时间)He took a picture before the car.他在汽车前照了张照片。12）behind 在.的后面(位置), 落后于，不如4）after 在.后面,依照，Are there any brooms behind the door.门后有扫帚吗？13）below 在.之下,低于,There are four lights below the ceiling.天花板下面有四盏灯。14）beside 在.的旁边,在.之外,与.相比.He found the body beside the river.他在河边发现了尸体。15）besides 除.之外, 还有.We are all here besides Bowe.除鲍外，我们也都来了。16）between 在.两者之间,H
