1、完型填空解题技巧指导完型填空解题思路及技巧的探究和运用 My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling _36_， but I always knew he was _37_. He never criticized us, but used _38_ to bring out our best. Hed say,“If you pour water on flowers, they flourish. If you dont give them water, they di
2、e.” I _39_as a child I said something _40_ about somebody, and father said,“_41_ time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, its a reflection of you.” He explained that I looked for the best _42_ people, I would get the best _43_. From then on Ive always tried to _44_ the principle in my
3、life and later in running my company. Dads also always been very _45_. At 15, I started a magazine. It was _46_ a great deal of time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a _47_: stay in school or leave to work on my magazine. I decided to leave, and Dad tried to sway me from my decision, _48_ an
4、y good father would. When he realized I had made up my mind, he said,“Richard, when I was 23, my dad _49_ me to go into law. And Ive _50_ regretted it. I wanted to be a biologist, _51_ I didnt purse my _52_. You know what you want. Go fulfill it.”As _53_ turned out, my little publication went on to
5、become Student, a nation _54_ for young people in the U.K. My wife and I have two children, and Id like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad _55_ me.36. A. biologist B. manager C. lawyer D. gardener37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned38. A. praise B. courage C. power D. warm
6、th39. A. think B. imagine C. remember D. guess40. A. unnecessary B. unkind C. unimportant D. unusual41. A. Another B. Some C. Any D. Other42. A. on B. in C. at D. about43. A. in case B. by turns C. by chance D. in return44. A. revise B. set C. review D. follow45. A. understanding B. experienced C. s
7、erious D. demanding46. A. taking up B. making up C. picking up D. keeping up47. A. suggestion B. decision C. notice D. choice48. A. and B. as C. even if D. as if49. A. helped B. allowed C. persuaded D. suggested 50. A. always B. never C. seldom D. almost51. A. rather B. but C. for D. therefore52. A.
8、 promise B. task C. belief D. dream53. A. this B. he C. it D. that54. A. newspaper B. magazine C. program D. project55. A. controlled B. comforted C. reminded D. raised一 完形填空考什么？（一）词法及词义辨析(46,47,48,49,52等）(二) 固定短语搭配（44等）(三)上下文逻辑关系（36，37，40，43，45，47，54，55，等）(四)文化背景及生活常识（五） 考查综合运用语言的能力：词语辨析能力, 语法结构分析能
9、力, 语篇理解能力, 逻辑推理能力, 文化背景透析能力, 作者意图剖析能力, 生活常识综合运用能力二 当前完形填空的特点 突出语篇，强调应用，注重语境 辨析词意，以实词为主 题材多为记叙文，叙议结合。第一句不设空短文长度一般在250-300之间。首句不设空，空间距一般在5-15词之间，总设空20。选文内容逻辑性强，文章结构严谨，层次分明，有一个完整的故事情节。有记叙文，议论文，说明文，夹叙夹议文。选项以情景意义选择为主，语法选择填空极少。所给选项一般为同一词类，或属同一范畴，以实词为主，虚词为辅；单词为主，词组或短语为辅。三，完型填空的能力目标要求 牢固、扎实、熟练的英语语法知识和丰富的英语词
10、汇知识。 英语阅读理解能力，良好的阅读习惯，熟练的阅读技巧。 分析认识文章结构，理解领会文章各部分、各层次之间逻辑关系的能力。 逻辑思维能力。特别是总结概括、推理判断和分析归纳的能力。包括情景推理判断、常识推理判断、逆向推理判断及比较推理判断等。 扎实的英语词汇、短语、惯用法等英语固定搭配的知识。特别是英语词汇意义和用法的辨析能力。 在阅读中捕捉记忆相关信息的能力。四 完形填空的解题思路总则：在把握整体的基础上对句子内部的情况进行分析跳过空格，通读全文， 把握大意 ; 结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案; 瞻前顾后，先易后难， 个个击破; 再读全文，反复检查五 完形填空的解题技巧完形填空侧重于考查学
11、生的逻辑思维能力和对具体语境的把握，尤其是对整体语义的理解能力。它要求考生不但要有比较扎实的语言知识，较大的词汇量，而且要具有一定的语篇分析能力及逻辑思维能力。要做好这种题型，考生除了必备的语言基础知识和基本技能之外，还应了解其命题特点，掌握一定的解题技巧。做完形填空时要注意文章开头提示句的点题作用和短文中完整句的启示作用。首先要快速浏览全文，弄清各段落之间，各层次之间的内在联系，把握文章的完整性。只有这样才符合这种题型的解题思路。(一) 通览全文，重视首句，把握主旨 完形填空的首句，往往 为文章的引子，要认真体会首句所包含的的深刻含义及所提示的信息，预测文章的背景及情节的发生、发展、高潮和结
12、局；有些文章的首句，就是文章的主旨所在，透彻理解完形填空的首句，也就抓治了文章的主题。 (二) 根据语境，寻找信息词汇,找准定位词 完形题填空给了我们丰富的上下文语境，这些上下文是相互影响、相互印证的，充分利用上下文的相互作用可以进行有根据的推断，从而大大提高解题的正确率。每选一个选项，考生都要考虑到选项所在的句子与上下文有没有必的联系，切不可由于错选而使选项所在的句子成了与上下文毫无联系的闲句。(三) 扎实基础,辨析词义及搭配，准确用词 (四) 合理推断，正确选用逻辑词汇 文章的逻辑关系可以通过连词、副词等体现出来。利用逻辑词汇所表达的并列、因果、条件、让步、递进等关系，可以推断完形体内空所
13、需要的未知信息(五) 借助语法分析，选择最佳选项(六) 重读全文，斟酌修改，调整答案 重读全文，着重看全片内容是否完整、连贯，语言是否通顺、准确，将不合题意的答案进行调整，尽可能的避免在解题过程中出现“断章取义”的误选。六 完形填空解题技巧及运用1.看清上下文，寻找信息词汇,找准定位词根据上下文语境来确定最佳选项近年来的完形填空试题在选项的设置上越来越淡化语法结构，重在文意的干扰，即把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去，考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。这种考查方式所占的比例较大，且难度也大，若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析，或许所给的四个答案在语法和结构上都是正确的
14、，若放在全局，则不一定正确。因此，快速浏览全文，领悟文章主旨，通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如：1) Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very .A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous根据转折连词but的提示，所填入的词应与shallow相反，因此答案为A。2) Mrs ONeill askedquestions and she didnt scold
15、 us either.A. no B. certain C. many D. moreand是一个并列连词；either为副词，用在否定句或否定词后加强语势，由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词，因此答案是A。例1： I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad 2
16、a step and fell, sending my new suitcase 3 down the stairs.1. A. helpless B. lazy C. anxious D. tired2. A. took B. minded C. missed D. picked3. A. rolling B. passingC. dropping D. turning分析：在把握上文“我提着衣箱缓慢地上楼梯”的情况下，可知1题答案为D. tired，即当我到达三楼时，已经很累了；再从爸爸“提着两只衣箱跟在我后面”以及下文的信息词“fell”可知此句的意思是：爸爸少跨了一步摔倒了，衣箱滚下了
17、楼梯。因此2、3题的答案分别为C、A，尽管其它选项在语法上均无错误。例2: But Ella Fant, who was filed with 1 , shouted at the top of her voice, Look at 2 Theyre all out of 3 except my John Isnt he the best1. A. sadness B. happiness C. surprise D. regret2. A. them B. those C. that D. him3. A. sight B. order C. mind D. step 分析：考虑上下文的语境
18、，第一个空的后边既然“是声嘶力竭的喊叫”就不能是A、D项，特别是通过最后一句Isnt he the best推知母亲此时的感觉是“幸福”的。所以1题的答案选B。2题的答案选A. them是因为其后用了theyre。3题通过全篇语境知道此时描述的游行队伍里一个人的步伐与其他人的不同，答案应与“步伐”有关，所以答案选D. step。例3. Every Thursday afternoon, my art history class meets not in our usual lecture hall but in our university Art Museum. We spend our o
19、ne-hour class discussing two or three of the 1 , many of which are by artists that we have already studied in class. The professor begins by selecting one 2 of art. After giving us a quick background on the artist , he will open up for class 3 . Everyone is encouraged to give 4 on the work. Not ever
20、y piece we study is 5 famous or striking in appearance and subject matter, yet we always manage to make some interesting observations.1. A. subjects B. paintings C. speeches D. lectures2. A. book B. passage C. text D. work3. A. discussion B. activity C. argument D. consideration4. A. questions B. id
21、eas C. comments D. thoughts5. A. necessarily B. rather C. nearly D. too2. 寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系It has been many years since I was last in London I still remember something that happened during that visit.A. and B. for C. but D. as分析: 根据句前的many years和句后的still remember答案应选表示转折的连词but. 连接词 They are some of the
22、poorest people in a poverty stricken country. _ now they have an extra source of income (收入).A. But B. And C. However D. ThereforeEnglish people seem very quiet _reserved (缄默的), usually.A. though B. and C. even D. butIt was just getting dark; there was a touch of fog and I was on a lonely stretch of
23、 road. _ I was going along cheerfully. A. But B. And C. Otherwise D. So副词.I raised the pistol and fired. The animal fell backwards with an angry cry. Father took the _ smoking pistol from my hand , and fired another shot, which killed the gorilla.A. still B. yet C. even D. alreadyHe certainly looked
24、 the part all right, he thought as he admired himself in the mirror. He _ thought of going out into the street to see whether he could pass as a policeman out there. A. just B. even C. still D. alreadyThe shop had to agree. They knew that no fire on earth can _ damage a perfect diamond.A. almost B.
25、even C. just D. ever.At times, he would turn, sit down , and _ go on his knees. A. almost B. even C. often D. rather逻辑推理Students generally appreciate ( 认可 ) these special 50 opportunities (机会) . They are almost always fun and interesting , and professors 51 them too because students learn so much in
26、 just a few short months.50. A. working B, living C. teaching D. learning51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover关联词的重要性No one denies the 1 of classroom learning. But it can only take the students this 2 . Slides and textbooks may do a good job of carrying facts and details, but creativity of thou
27、ght cannot be 3 . They can only be developed through 4 experience.1. A. deed B. value C. effect D. success2. A. far B. long C. way D. direction 3. A. got B, found C. taught D. practiced4. A. self-educated B. self -service C. first-hand D. up -to -date3.扎实基础,辨析词义及搭配，准确用词注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形
28、容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如：1) Heres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himselfso much money.A. for B. by C. to D. of表示“自取，随便拿”这个意义的短语是help oneself to 故答案为C 2)And video cameras can be used topeoples actions at home.A. keep B. make C. record D. watch句中动作的发出者是video cameras 因此答案是C，意思是“记录”。
29、Soon I heard alike that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音，但B，C，D项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音，而sound则表示各种各样的声音。因此答案是A。根据词语的习惯用法和固定搭配来选择答案词的固定搭配，特别是动词的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例也是比较大的，多数题目涉及到动词的用法和各种搭配关系，这是由动词在句子中的重要性决定的。动词在搭配关系上与名词、介词、副词的用法紧密相关。解决这类题目要求考生多读、多记，对所学习
30、语或固定搭配牢固掌握，并能灵活运用。 例1：（NMET1992）Mrs. Clark was 38 tea at the time.38. A. cookingB. makingC. burning D. serving分析：从动词与名词的搭配关系角度考虑，“沏茶”用make tea, “上茶”用serve the tea,这是语言使用过程当中约定俗成的习惯用法，所以该题正确答案是B. making，考生也不应受汉语思维习惯的影响而误选A。例2: The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant 1 a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 2 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasnt long 3 the whole room was filled with smoke.1. A. have B. had C. having D. have had2. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed3. A. ago B. after C. before D. now分析：解题1选C，是因为它这里是表伴随。解题2选B是因为struck的
