1、初级中学英语比较级最高级讲解 初中英语形容词比较级和最高级讲解与练习绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。 形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad 形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化如下: 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 great (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加
2、 -r 和 -st 构成。 wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 3)少数以-er, -ow, - le结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。或者加more，和most来构成。 gentle(原级) (比较级) (最高级) clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级) narrow(原级) (比较级) (最高级) 4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是改 -y 为i, 加上 -er 和-est 构成. happy (原形) (比较级) (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是
3、双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。 big (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级) (比较级) (最高级) difficult (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级: 原级-比较级-最高级 good/well-better-best many/much-more-most little-less-least bad/ill-worse-worst far-farther, further-farthest, furthest old
4、-older,elder-oldest,eldest形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不 important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。 Our teacher is we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。 It is today than it was yes
5、terday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。 This picture is than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting is than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。 The sun is than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。 She is student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。 Shanghai is one of cities in China. 上海是
6、中国最大城市之一。 This is apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。 Tom is boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。 一、变化规则； 1、 规则变化：（1）单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加er或est：bright ,_ _; 以不发音的e字母结尾的加r,或st：large，_,_; 以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为I加er或est:easy,_,_； 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加er或est: big，_,_; 以er，ow结尾的双音节词加er 或est:clever,_,
7、_; slow,_,_; （2）多音节词前加more或most, 副词最高级前省略the. (3) 部分形容词本身表示最高级，因此他们没有比较级和最高级形式： favourite round 2、 不规则变化： good, well; bad, badly, ill; much, many; little; far; old;注：只有少数形容词和副词有两种比较级和最高级形式：clever ,old, far 二、 形容词各等级的用法： 1.原级（同级）比较：asas; not as(so)as Well give you as much help as we can. She isnt as(
8、so)active in sports as before. （1）“A+as+形容词原级+as+B”He is as tall as me.他和我一样高。English is as interesting as Chinese.英文和中文一样有趣。 Youre a boy as good as Tom.=Youre as good a boy as Tom. 你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。（2）否定句中的结构：“Anot+as/so+形容词原级+as+B”It is not as/so good as what you said.那没有你说的那么好。比较级：（1）两个人或事物的比较主语+谓语(系动
9、词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。Lilys room is bigger than mine.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Hainan.否定用not+比较级+than或less than This questionis less difficult /not more difficult than that one. （2）表示两者之间比 更可用状语 a little,a bit,a lot,a great deal , much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰：He made much fe
10、wer mistakes than I did. He is even richer than I. (3)表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更.”时，用句型“which/who is +形容词的比较级，A or B? ”表示。Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao?(4) 如果在两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语： John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the clever. (5)表示“越来越.”,用比较级重叠结构，即“
11、比较级+and+比较级”，当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时，用“more and more +形容词原级。”Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.(6)表示“越.越.”时，用“the +比较级，the +比较级”。The more,the better.3.最高级：(1)形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较,形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of， in短语表示范围： It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened. He is the tal
12、lest of the three. (2)表示三或三者以上的人或物中进行选择“哪一个最.”时，用句型“which/who is +the +最高级，A ，Bor C? ”表示。Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?(3)表示“最.的.之一”时，用“one of the +形容词最高级”结构，该形容词后用复数形式。Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.（4）形容词最高级前可以加序数词，表示“第几最.”.The Yellow River is the seco
13、nd longest river in China.(5)被物主代词,指示代词，名词所有格修饰时，前边不再加theChinas biggest city isShanghai.Fishing is his latest hobby.三、 重点与难点： 1、 asas结构：（1）“A+as+形容词原级+as+B”He is as tall as me.他和我一样高。English is as interesting as Chinese.英文和中文一样有趣。 Youre a boy as good as Tom.=Youre as good a boy as Tom. 你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。（
14、3）否定句中的结构：“Anot+as/so+形容词原级+as+B”It is not as/so good as what you said.那没有你说的那么好。2、 (1)tooto与 sothat sb.cant的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较： The man was too angry to be able to speak. The man was so angry that he wasnt able to speak. The milk was too hot to drink. The milk was so hot that we c
15、ant drink it. (2) tooto与 not enough to句型的转换： He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married. The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、 形容词原级表示比较级含义： 约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cl
16、everer than Mike. 4、 用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。 John is taller than any other boy in the class. John is the tallest boy in the class. John is taller than :any other boy. any of the other boy. all the other boy. any of the others. any one else. 5、 the more. the more.表示“越越”: The more books you read, the wi
17、der your knowledge is. The more food you eat, the fatter you are. 6、 more and more.表示“越来越”: More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language. Our country is getting stronger and stronger. 7.倍数表达法：（1） A is 倍数 as +原级+ as BAsia is four times as large as Europe.（2）A is 倍数 + 比较级 +than
18、 + B Asia is three times larger than Europe.(3)A is 倍数 + 名词 + of B常见名词：the size/weight/height/width/lengthThe table is twice the length of the desk.(4)A is 倍数 + what从句The production is now three times what it was three years ago.练习题1. 写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：1. nice _ 2. fat _3. slow _ 4. dry _5. happy _ 6
19、. wet _7. much _ 8. ill _9. little _ 10. bad _11. thin _ 12. far _13. early _ 14. careful_15. exciting _ 16. busy _2. 根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：1. Mr. Smith is _ man in this office. (rich)2. Winter is _ season of the years. (cold)3. This radio is not so _ as that one. (cheap)4. It is much _ today tha
20、n yesterday. (hot)5. She is a little _ than her classmates. (careful)6. _ people came to the meeting than last time. (many)7. Which book is _, this one or that one? (easy)8. My room is _ than yours. (small)9. Hainan is _ from Beijing than Hunan. (far)10. Skating is _ than swimming. (exciting)11. Jim
21、 is _ than all the others. (honest)12. Things are getting _ and _. (bad)13. The higher you climb, the _ it will be. (cold)14. Now his life is becoming _ and _. (difficult)15. There are _ boys than girls in our class. (few)11. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy thanC. heavier as D. as he
22、avy as 2 When we speak to people, we should be .A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3 This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD.
23、 more difficult as; as expensive 4. I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 5. His father began to work_ he was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while21. I think science is _ than Japanese. A. much importan
24、t B. important C. much more important D. more much important( ) 2 This pencil is_ than that one.A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long ( ) 3 My mother is no _ young.A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few ( ) 4 These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. ver
25、y taller D. much taller( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. even hotter B. more hotterC. much more hot D. much hot 6. Mrs Black has got_ instead of getting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse31. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded w
26、ith_ students.A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 2. The house is small for a family of six.A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so 3 .Through the window we can see nothing but _ buildings.A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 4. -Whats your brother
27、 like?-He is_.A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school 5 .The jacket was so_ that he decided to buy it. ,A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl 6 .Our classroom is_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much4( ) 1 .The earth is about_ as the moon.A. as fifty time big B. fifty ti
28、mes as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big( ) 2. Your room is mine.A. twice as large than B. twice the size ofC. bigger twice than D. as twice large as( ) 3. Your room is _ than mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times( ) 4. His father is_than his mother. ;A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years5( ) 1. Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subj
