1、八年级上册英语八年级英语期末复习课程解读一、学习目标：1. 知识目标：掌握本讲的单词、短语、句型和语法。2. 情感目标：帮助同学们在英语学习中认识自我，建立自信心，沉着迎接考试。二、重点、难点： 重点：复习本学期的重点单词、短语、句型和语法。 难点：语法： 1. 可数名词与不可数名词； 2. 一般过去时； 3. be going to用法。三、知能提升：（一）重点单词单词复习1. win 与beatwin意为“赢得、获胜”，其宾语为比赛的项目或奖品等。beat意为“击败、打败”，其宾语为参加比赛的组织、团体或个人等。即学即练1）Dick John and the game. 2）He all
2、the runners in the country last year.3）It was easy for him to the race. 2. because 与because ofbecause用作连词，引导原因状语从句。because of是介词短语，其后接名词、代词或动名词。即学即练1）Why was our teacher angry with Peter? he told a lie（谎言）.2）Mr Guo caught a cold the terrible weather. 3）My father didnt go to work because he had a sor
3、e back.（改为同义句）My father didnt go to work his sore back. 3. called called 是一个过去分词，其在句子中作定语修饰名词。called意为“叫作”，也可用named来代替。即学即练我有一个叫Mary的表姐。I have a cousin Mary. 4. make 与do “做”法各异这两个单词都有“做”的意思。当我们说做某事时，常用do来表达；make则含有“制造”、“制作”和“准备”的含义。make和do还有一些不同的习惯搭配，如：do some reading/ shopping / cleaning / cooking
4、“读书/购物/打扫卫生/做饭”，do ones best“尽某人最大努力”， do well in“在方面做得好”，do ones homework“做家庭作业”，make a mistake“犯错”，make money“挣钱”，make the bed “整理床铺”，make a telephone call“打电话”，make friends with sb.“与交朋友”等。此外，do还常用作助动词，用来构成疑问句或否定句。Make则常用“make+宾语+动词原形”结构，意为“使；让做”。即学即练用make或do的适当形式填空。1）She a kite for her sister ye
5、sterday.2）She always her own clothes.3）In the past, many students not know the importance of English. 4）Please your bed before breakfast.5）She often helps her mother housework on weekends. 5. borrow, lend和keep “借”法不同borrow意为“借入”，通常与介词from 连用，构成短语borrow sth. from sb.意为“从某人那里借某物”；lend表示“借出”，通常与介词to连用，
6、构成短语lend sth. to sb.，意为“把某物借给某人”；keep的本意是“保存”，可表示“借一段时间”。即学即练1）How long may I the book? 2）Thank you very much for it to me. 3）David an eraser from Susan a moment ago. （二）重点短语短语复习1. turn up, turn down, turn on, turn off, open, close即学即练1) Im reading now. Please tell him to the radio a bit. 2) Would y
7、ou please the light when you sleep? 3) There is too much noise outside. Could you please the TV a bit? 4) She the door, goes into the room, the radio and listens to music. 2. at the end与in the endat the end of可用来表示时间，意思是“在结束的时候”，其反义词组是at the beginning of。还可用来表示地点，意思是“在的尽头”。in the end意为“最后，终于”，相当于at
8、last或finally。即学即练1) 下课前，老师给我们留了一些作业。 the class, the teacher gave us some homework. 2) Alan tried many times to pass the exam, and , he was successful. 3. at the age of是一个用来表示年龄的介词短语，意为“在岁时”，相当于“whenyears old”。即学即练He left home for Beijing when he was 16 years old. （改为同义句）He left home for Beijing 16.4
9、. tooto意为“太而不能”，该结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上是否定的。其中，too意为“太，过于”，其后需接形容词或副词，to为不定式符号，其后接动词原形。即学即练1) 她太小了，不能上学。 2) This boy is so young that he cant go to work. （改为同义句）This boy is young go to work. 5. take part in 与jointake part in通常指参加某一项活动，如比赛、会议等。join指加入某党派、团体、群体、组织等并成为其中的一员。即学即练1) His brother the guitar club l
10、ast year.2) I the game yesterday. （三）重点句型 句型复习Could you please + 动词原形? 与Could I + 动词原形? 前一句型在英语口语中常用来表示请求别人做某事，后一句型用来表示请求别人允许自己做某事。这种由could引导的一般疑问句，作肯定回答时常用：Yes, sure./ Certainly. / Yes, (do) please. / Of course (you can). /With pleasure. / Go ahead, please.等；作否定回答时常用：Certainly not. / Sorry, I cant.
11、 / Im afraid you cant. / Im sorry, but等。注意：答语中要避免重复使用could。此外，一般不说No, you cant. ，因为这样显得不礼貌。即学即练1) 你能把这些书带到教室去吗？是的，可以。 carry the books to the classroom?Yes, .2) 我可以玩电脑游戏吗？恐怕不行。 play computer games? Im afraid .3) Could you please to take out the trash？（改错）4) Could you please dont turn on the TV? （改错）（
12、四）重点语法 语法复习1. “可数名词”、“不可数名词”&“how many与how much”how many与how much都可用于询问数量的多少，但how many 后接可数名词复数；how much后接不可数名词。另外，询问物品的价格时，常用how much（多少钱）。即学即练用所给词的正确形式填空。1) Please put two (teaspoon) of (honey) into the bowl.2) He ate three (slice) of (bread) for breakfast. 对划线部分提问。1) His father ate three apples f
13、or dinner. apples did his father eat for dinner? 2) Ben needs three teaspoons of salt. salt does Ben need? 3) He would like two slices of bread. slices of bread would he like? 4) This shirt is 80 yuan. is this shirt? 2. 一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；主语所具备的能力和性格。基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其他；否定形式：wa
14、s/were+not 在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词；一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他 Did+主语+动词原形+其他。一般过去时记忆口诀：一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。 动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。 否定句很简单，didnt 站在动词原形前，其他部分不要变。 一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其他部分依次站。 特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。 即学即练按要求改写句子。1) He finished school at the age of eighteen. （改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） h
15、e school at the age of eighteen? , .2) I wrote to Wei Fang yesterday. （对划线部分提问） you yesterday? 3)My father had lunch in his office today. your father lunch today? 用所给动词的适当形式填空。1) (be) your father in Shanghai last week?2) John (not have) supper at home yesterday.3) “What you (do) last night?” “ I wat
16、ched TV with my parents.” 3.“be going to”表示将来 &“wh-疑问词（组）”be going to结构用来表示按计划、安排将要做的事或根据目前状况推测将要发生的事。动词be有am, is, are的变化形式，其否定句或疑问句的形式通过be的变化来实现。表示“某地将有”时，可用“There is/are going to be +主语+将来时间”这一句式。即学即练1) His aunt moved to America last year.（用next year 替换last year）His aunt to America next year. 2) A
17、rthur is a reporter now. （用when he grows up替换now）Arthur a reporter when he grows up. 3) Were going to study French next month. （改为一般疑问句） you going to French next month? 4) Im going to be an artist when I grow up . （对划线部分提问） are going to be when you grow up?5) 明天上午将有一场时装表演。There a fashion show tomorr
18、ow morning. 4. 形容词与副词的原级、比较级、最高级形容词和副词的比较级用于两者（人或事物）之间的比较，表示其中一个比另一个“更”或“较”。比较级常见的句型有：1）A is比较级than B. 意为：A比B更。He is older than you. 2）Which / Who is 比较级，A or B? 意为：A 和B 哪一个/谁更？Who is taller, you or he? 3）asas意为：与一样，表示两个人或事物在某一方面程度相同时，用“as形容词或副词原形as”的句型。He runs as fast as his brother. asas的否定句是not a
19、sas或not soas，表示某人或某物在某一方面不及其他人或物。Lucy isnt as/so careful as Lily.4）“the 比较级of the two复数名词”表示“两者中较的一个”。 Peter is the taller of the two boys. 5）“比较级and比较级”表示“越来越”。When spring comes, the days get longer and longer. English becomes more and more important in the modern world. 6）“The 比较级, the 比较级” 表示“越，就
20、越”。 The more we get together, the happier well be. 7）比较级前可用even, a little, a bit, much, a lot, far等修饰语表示比较的程度。 With my English teachers help, my English is much better than before. 形容词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示在一群人或一组事物中，其中“最”的情况，其前通常带定冠词the。最高级常出现在以下句型中：1）带有in或of短语的句子。in或of在句子中表示范围时，要用形容词的最高级形式。in表
21、示“在内”，意为“在某范围内”，不一定是同类；of表示属性，意为“在同类中”。He is the tallest in our class.He is the tallest of the three. 2）Who / Which is +最高级, A, B or C? 在选择疑问句中，如果有三者或三者以上供选择，且有or连接时，要用最高级。 Who is the shortest, Tom, Tim or Jim?3) one of + 最高级+复数名词 表示“（在众多当中）最之一”的意思，这是形容词最高级中常见的句型。 This is one of the most important b
22、ooks. 即学即练1) Which is the , the sun, the earth or the moon?The sun.A. bigger B. smaller C. biggest D. smallest2) Jackie is than any other boy in his class. A. short B. shorter C. the shortest D. shortest3) This watch is more expensive than that one.A. much B. many C. a few D. lots of 4) Mr Green is
23、as as his brother. A. athletic B. more athletic C. athleticer D. most athletic 5) Beihai Park is one of parks in Beijing. A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful 6) Remember, boys and girls. you work, result you will get. A. The better, the harder B. The harder, the be
24、tter C. The hard, the better D. The harder, the good 7) The classroom is clean it was yesterday.Sorry, I forgot to clean it. A. not so, as B. so, as C. as, as D. more, than8) Our country is getting . A. strong and strong B. more stronger and stronger C. much more stronger D. stronger and stronger同步练
25、习（答题时间：45分钟）I. 单项选择1. I want to watch the ball game. Can you the TV?A. open B. close C. turn on D. turn off*2. You get up so early, but you must go to work on time. A. mustnt B. have to C. may D. neednt 3. There is a shop the street. A. by the end of B. in the end C. at the end of D. on the end 4. H
26、ow was your day ?Yesterday? Wonderful! A. away B. off C. far D. of 5. The box is heavy for him . Lets help him. A. very, to carry B. too, to carry C. too, carry D. very, carrying 6. His sister a speech contest yesterday. A. entered B. went in C. takes part in D. took part in 7. Could you please tell
27、 me where the restroom is? A. Yes, I could B. I could C. Sure D. I could tell you8. He often borrows money others but he doesnt lend anything anybody. A. from, from B. to, from C. from, to D. to, to *9. I didnt know the boy Rick.A. call B. name C. calling D. called 10. Mr Green was late for work the
28、 heavy rain. A. because of B. although C. so D. because *11. Could I ask you questions our service?Sure. A. some, about B. any, about C. any, on D. some, with 12. My father often goes to work breakfast. Its bad for his health. A. have B. with C. to have D. without *13. David is taller than boy in hi
29、s class. A. other B. another C. any other D. others 14. We have money to buy the nice coat. A. few B. enough C. many D. much too *15. Who plays soccer in your class? Li Lei A. best, plays B. best, does C. better, plays D. better, does*II. 完形填空Many Americans are trying to lose weight. Some eat less food and hardly have any fats or sweets. Others do running, 1 with machines, take medicine, or even have operations. So you can see losing weight is 2 work, and it also costs a lot of money. But 3 do so many people in the US want to lose weight? Because
