1、2.1.5 餐巾2.1.6 牙签2.2 中餐席位的安排2.3 西餐主要餐具的使用2.3.1 刀和叉2.3.2 勺子2.3.3 餐巾2.4 西餐席位的安排2.5 进餐礼仪的差异2.5.1 中餐进餐礼仪2.5.2 中餐上菜次序和礼仪2.5.3 西餐的进餐礼仪2.5.4 西餐的上菜顺序结语一、 课题（论文）提纲二、内容摘要With the rapid development of economy, the world has grown so small that we all depend on each other now. What happens in one place of the wo
2、rld affects other places. And frequent contacts are showing the importance of table manners. Different countries have different table manners. The different table manners between Chinese and western countries are the core of this paper .This paper introduces the use of main tablewares and arrangment
3、 of seats and the order of dishes and table manners between Chinese and western countries.We must have a good knowledge of table manners between Chinese and western countries in order to work and live properly during the international communication.随着经济全球化的日益发展紧密，世界变得越来越小，并相互依存相互影响。国际间人与人之间的交往日趋频繁,也
4、就突显了餐桌礼仪在国际交往中的重要性,不同的国家有着不同的餐桌礼仪。本文主要介绍中西方餐桌礼仪的差异， 主要从主要餐具的使用,座位的安排, 进餐礼仪,上菜次序来比较中西方餐桌礼仪差异的.人们需要了解中西方国家在餐桌礼仪上的差异，以便能在国际交往中更好地交流，给生活和工作带来更大的便利。三、 参考文献18南京龙虎5西餐席位应如何安排南京日报社浙 2006-2-4西餐餐具摆放中国时尚品牌网4精致生活1 李元授. 礼仪训练 M 华中理工大学出版社, 2005-52 魏志国, 餐饮服务饮食管理 M 北京: 旅游教育出版社,2002-93 中餐座位主客座的位置坐法及其相关用餐礼仪常识中国旅游 2007-
5、4-2 The different table manners between Chinese and westerncountries00000Abstract：With the rapid development of economy, the world has grown so small that we all depend on each other now. What happens in one place of the world affects other places. And frequent contacts are showing the importance of
6、 table manners. Different counties have different table manners. The different table manners between Chinese and western countries are the core of this paper .This paper introduces the use of main tablewares and arrangment of seats and the order of dishes and table manners between Chinese and wester
7、n countries.We must have a good knowledge of table manners between Chinese and Western countries in order to work and live properly during the international communication.中文摘要：随着经济全球化的日益发展紧密，世界变得越来越小，并相互依存相互影响。本文主要介绍中西方餐桌礼仪的差异，主要从主要餐具的使用,座位的安排, 进餐礼仪,上菜次序来比较中西方餐桌礼仪差异的.人们需要了解中西方国家在餐桌礼仪上的差异，以便能在国际交往中更好
8、地交流，给生活和工作带来更大的便利。关键词: 餐桌; 礼仪 ; 差异; 座位;Keywords: table ; manners ; difference; seats;Introduction:With the development of opening-up policy, foreign etiquette enters to our daily life day by day. Besides the commercial etiquette, the table manners is very important, too. It have effect on the qualit
9、y of the people,especialy childern.You should train yourself in proper table manners,whether alone or with family.Because it will become a natural part of you behavior,and you will be at ease at the table.1. The importance of table mannersThe table manners express ones quality and education so whate
10、ver age its worth to advocating. A large number of white-collor and leader go to manner training institution,which prove its importance.In our dialy life we often use table manners so it cant be ignored and should be received considerable concern by parent.If you want your children have excellent ta
11、ble manners, please start to teach them in their childhood.Britain attach great attention to childrens manner education. In order to help children develop excellent table manners and have all sorts of commendable quality or characters, they begin to teach the children table manner from the first day
12、 children on the table. The majority of British parents believe that if you children want to eat their own,which indicated they desire to personal independence .That is no doubt that we should give them encourage. The British general agreement that childrens bad habits are caused by earlychildhood t
13、hat they parents dont care. Its will not only influence ingestion of a comprehensive and adequate nutrition, but also make the child develop self- willed, selfish and self-control personality.Table manners is a mirror that reflect the peoples quality and family education.2. Different table manners b
14、etween chinese and western2.1 The use of chinese food main tablewares2.1.1 ChopsticksThe chopsticks are the main tableware of Chinese food. It should be held between the thumb and fingers of the right hand.Chopsticks are traditionally held in the right hand only and a few people still consider that
15、use chopstick with left hand is improper .When public chopsticks are offered on the table , it is considered impolite to use your own chopsticks to pick up the food from the public plate or eat using the public chopsticks. An exception to this rule is made in family dinners that family members may n
16、ot mind using ownchopsticks.Never wave your chopsticks or bang them like drumsticks or use them to move bowls or plates.Decide what to pick up before reaching with chopsticks. Do not use chopsticks move around in shared dish. After you have picked up an item, do not put it back in the dish.Chopstick
17、s can be put quitely on ones plate or bowl.Never stab chopsticks into a bowl of rice, leaving them standing upwards.2.1.2 SpoonIts main fuction is scoop the food and dish. Sometimes you can use the spoon and chopsticks together to get food, but try not to separetely use thespoon to pick up dish.Plea
18、se be careful when you get the soup with spoon and dont take full suop in case the soup overflow. It will make you cloths and table got dirty. After you get the soup, you can pause a moment when the soup is not further downstream and then move it back and enjoy. The spoon should be placed on the pla
19、te when you temporarily not use and please dont put it directly on the table or in the dish. And if the food you have got is too hot, not to use a spoon to scoop and scoop or blow with mouth. You can put it on your own bowl first and wait a moment when it become cool, then eat them. Also dont use th
20、e spoon stuffed into you mouth or lick with your tongue repeatedly.2.1.3 Plateplate is mainly used for holding food and the function as well as the bowl. Generally plate must be stayed in one place at the dinner and dont stack it together.We need to give a importance presentation for dish plate beca
21、use of special useful. The main role of the dish plate is used for holding food that take from the public dish to enjoy. Please dont get many dish each time. It will not only appear disorder but also like a hungry ghost. Do not put a variety of dishes stacked together, it will not good-looking and b
22、ecome bad taste and not delicious. The residue,bone ,gill you not eat shouldt splited on the ground or on the table but should be taken lighty on the front of dish plate. If the dish plate is filled with food, you ask the warter for changing.2.1.4 CupsIts manily used for holding water. Such as soft
23、drinks ,fruit juice ,cola and others. Do not use it to hold wine and do notturn it over. In addition, the drinkinto the mouth cant be sprited back.2.1.5 NapkinThe waiter prepared a wet napkcin for you before dinner. Its used to clean you hands and should be put back into the plate that be taken by w
24、aiter. Sometimes before the formal end of the banquet, the waiter also bring a wet napkin for you is to wipe you mouth rather than face.2.1.6 ToothpickTry not to pick you teeth in public. When you have to do that please cover you mouth with your other hand. After picking, do not hold the toothpick i
25、n your mouth for long time. And not use it to take food.2.2 The arrangement for Chinese food seatsChinese and western people use different arrangement fortable to treat theirguests.Thedifferentarrangementrequiredifferenttypesoftableseating 。 In the traditional Chinese banquets, people use the square
26、 table. Thesquare table is also called a traditional Chinese table for eight. As its name shows, square table is square shape and can provide four sides for seating. Each side can have two seats and eight seats in all. The seats facing the door are considered as the honored seats and the other seats
27、 are for ordinary guests. In the banquet, the guests of honor sit on the honored seats and the host and the hostess sit on the seats opposite to them. The other guests take the rest seats in order. In the Chinese tradition, the south is usually considered as the position of honor while the north is
28、less favored. As a Chinese saying goes, “the seat of the king faces the south.” So in the Chinese feast, the seats facing the south areusually saved for the important guests or the elderly. Before the Chinese people get into the seating they always decline modestly about the seats facing the south.2
29、.3 The use of western main tableware2.3.1 Knife and forkThe fork is held in your left hand and the knife is held in your right. You should hold your knife with the handle in your palm.At first you hold down the food with a fork, then cutitinto small pieces with a knife, and then fork it into yourmou
30、th.American use the fork in your left hand while cutting, and then switch to right hand to pick up and eat a piece while europeans not change hands. The fork is used to convey any solid food to the mouth. The knife blade should be placed on the edge of your plate when not in use. The blade should al
31、ways face inward. If there are a number of knives or forks, then you should start from the outside set as each course is served.2.3.2 SpoonWith the righ hand held the spoon and the finger must be maintained at the end of spoon handle. In addition,please use the spoon to get the soup and do not use it to get other food. When you have fi
