1、同步译林英语选修八新突破讲义Unit+2+Section+ Language+Section Language Points ()(Project).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1The tendency (趋势) for women to marry and bear children later results in population decreasing.2The Statue of Liberty (自由) in New York Harbour was presented by the people of France.3Can you imagine people
2、 being sold as slaves (奴隶)?4The book has been styled in a modern format (样式)，which is more popular among the young.5A judge must be free from prejudice (偏见)6Strongly opposed to racial discrimination，he insists that everyone be treated equally.7I offered him a lift to his house，but he declined with t
3、hanks.8The fans screamed with excitement when they saw him.9Gradually，the sound of footsteps died away.10Money is often said to be the root of all evil.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1slave n奴隶slavery n奴隶身份；奴隶制slaver n奴隶贩子2tend v倾向；趋向tendency n倾向，偏好；趋势，趋向3gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的；平缓的，不陡的gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地4prejud
4、ice n偏见，成见 vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见prejudiced adj.有偏见的；有成见的；偏颇的；偏心的5discriminate v辨别，区分；歧视discrimination n歧视，区别对待；辨别力，鉴赏力discriminating adj.有辨别力的；有识别力的；有鉴赏力的adj.lyadv.v.ionn.approximately adv.大约attentively adv.注意地mentally adv.精神上；智力上accommodation n住宿，调节administration n执行，管理appreciation n欣赏，感激.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1sp
5、ring up 突然兴起，迅速出现2break up 破裂；破碎；结束；散开；解散3dance to 伴随而跳舞4go crazy 变得疯狂，发疯5turn out 结果是，证明是6bring back 带回7combine.with. 把与结合8turn to 转向，求助于9be recognized as. 被认为是10lead to 导致.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1If they dont find their son，theyll go crazy2Barry and Anne were always quarreling，and I fear that their marr
6、iage is about to break up3Many new factories have sprung up in my home town. 4If he can combine his ability with hard work，he should be very successful.5Acid rain is recognized as one of the most serious global environmental problems.goadj.动词短语v.with动词短语go bad 变坏；变酸；腐败go wrong 出错；发生故障go mad发疯arm.wit
7、h 准备，配备，装备connect.with与连接；与有关系；接通(电话)cover.with用覆盖(遮掩)背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.While the blues was popular，as a musical format it lacked variety and was too sad and slow to dance to.尽管蓝调音乐非常受欢迎，但作为一种音乐形式，它缺少变化，而且太伤感、节奏太慢，不适合跳舞时伴奏。while意为“尽管”，作从属连词，引导让步状语从句。While I am willing to help，I do not have much time
8、available.尽管我愿意帮忙，但是没有多少时间。2.Wherever the Beatles went，there was a phenomenon called Beatlemania thousands of fans would surround them，screaming and going crazy trying to see them.不管“披头士”乐队去哪里，都会出现一种“披头士狂热”现象成千上万的歌迷围住他们，尖叫着，疯狂地想见他们一面。wherever意为“无论在/到什么地方”，引导让步状语从句。Whenever I meet with difficulties，t
9、hey are always ready to lend me a hand.无论何时我遇到困难，他们总是愿意伸出援助之手。3.Nowadays，concerts held in sports stadiums are common，and it seems that every few years there is a new boy band trying to bring back the magic of the Beatles.如今，在体育馆中举办音乐会已经很平常，而且似乎每过几年就会有一个新的男孩乐队出现，试图重现“披头士”乐队的魅力。it seems that.意为“似乎，好像”
10、，that引导表语从句。It seems that the sky will clear up，and it promises to be a fine day tomorrow.天空似乎马上要放晴了，预示着明天是个好天气。 tendency n倾向，偏好；趋势，趋向(教材P30)During the late part of the 19th century，black musicians used these folk songs to create a kind of music called the blues，because it had a tendency to be very
11、sad.在19世纪下半叶，黑人音乐家借助于这些民歌创造了一种被称作蓝调的音乐，因为这种音乐形式有忧伤的趋势。(1)have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向have a tendency to/towards. 倾向，偏向there is a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的趋向(2)tend vi.&vt. 倾向；趋向；照料，护理tend to/towards 趋向/倾向于tend to sb./sth. 照料，照看某人/某事tend to do sth. 易于/往往会做某事She has a strong natural tendency to/
12、towards caution.她天生小心谨慎。There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area.目前有一种趋势认为每一种艺术形式都是独立的领域。She has a tendency to rely (rely) on luck.她总喜欢碰运气。She tends to get (get) angry when others disagree with her.别人不同意她的看法时，她往往会生气。 spring up突然兴起，迅速出现；跳起(教材P30)Thus，from the blues，there sp
13、rung up a faster，livelier kind of music called jazz.于是，从蓝调音乐发展出一种更轻快、更活泼的音乐形式，叫做爵士乐。spring to ones feet 突然站起来spring from 起源于，出身于，来自spring sth.on sb. 突然提出/告知某人某事John sprang to his feet to help his mother with the heavy box.约翰连忙站起来，帮助妈妈搬那只沉重的箱子。She sprung a piece of bad news on me.她告诉我了一则坏消息。Folk song
14、s are springing up all over the country.民谣突然在全国兴起了。The idea for the novel sprang from a trip to India.写这部小说的想法源于一次去印度的旅行。 (教材P30)From the early 1930s to the early 1950s，traditional jazz went into a gradual decline，and was replaced by a new musical trend known as rhythm and blues，or R & B.从二十世纪三十年代早期
15、到二十世纪五十年代早期，传统爵士乐逐步衰退，由一种新的被称作强烈节奏蓝调或节奏怨曲的音乐潮流所替代。(1)decline n衰落，衰败；减少，下降 vt.& vi.衰落；下降；婉言谢绝(1)on the decline(in decline) 在衰退中，走下坡路fall into(a) decline 衰落(2)decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事Towns that were not connected by railway often fell into a decline.没有被铁路连接的城镇，通常都会走向衰退。The latest communication from th
16、e market shows the sales of their company is in decline/on the decline.最新的市场信息表明他们公司的销量正在下滑。The star declined to discuss (discuss) his plans with the newspaper reporters.这位影星谢绝与新闻记者讨论他的计划。名师点津on the decline的反义词组为on the increase，意思是“正在增长，不断增长”。(2)trend n趋势，动向，倾向a trend towards. 方面的趋势/动向/潮流/风气start/se
17、t a new trend of 开创的新潮流/风气But recently，we have seen a gradual trend towards healthier food.但是近来我们注意到，人们逐渐倾向于更健康的饮食。The film Rambo started/set a new trend of violent action movies.电影第一滴血开创了暴力动作影片的新潮流。 seek (sought，sought) vt.& vi.试图，设法；寻找，寻求(教材P31)In the early 1950s，a record company owner from Memphi
18、s，Tennessee，Sam Philips，sought to bring rock music to white audiences.在二十世纪五十年代早期，田纳西州孟菲斯的音乐制作人萨姆菲利普斯试图把摇滚乐介绍给白人观众。seek (for/after) 寻求seek sth.from sb. 向某人寻求某物seek ones fortune 外出寻找发财机会；外出闯荡seek ones advice/help/assistance 征求某人的建议/寻求帮助seek to do sth. 设法/试图做某事seek out 搜寻出；找出；挑出；努力寻找；物色seek for 找寻；寻求M
19、any young people went to seek their fortune abroad.许多年轻人去国外寻找发财的机会。He determined to seek for a building more suited to their needs.他决心找一座更能满足他们需要的房子。She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour.她设法使他平静下来，然后向一位邻居求助。I sought to change (change) her mind.我试图改变她的心意。 prejudice n偏见，成见；偏爱，偏袒(
20、教材P31)Because of the prejudice and racial discrimination of the time，he knew that he had to use white singers or the records might not get played on the radio.因为当时的偏见和种族歧视，他知道他得用白人歌手，否则，唱片将不会由无线电播放。(1)have (a) prejudice against 对有偏见(2)prejudice vt. 使抱偏见；使存成见； 使怀有(或形成)偏见prejudice sb.against 使对产生偏见(3)
21、prejudiced adj. 有偏见的；带成见的；偏心的be prejudiced against 对有偏见She has a prejudice against modern music.她对现代音乐怀有偏见。One unfortunate experience prejudiced him against all lawyers.一次不幸的经历使他对所有律师产生了偏见。You shouldnt be prejudiced against women drivers.你不应该对女驾驶员有偏见。You know that I am not a prejudiced(prejudice) ma
22、n.你知道我不是怀有偏见的人。 break up破裂，解散；破碎(教材P31)However，even though the Beatles broke up in 1970，no group since has ever come close to being as popular or selling as many records.但是，尽管披头士在1970年就解散了，从那以后没有一个乐队能够望其项背，如此受欢迎，并销售出如此多的唱片。写出下列句子中break up的含义The meeting didnt break up until deep at night.结束 Did you k
23、now that she broke up with her boyfriend？分手 The police came running and broke up the crowd.驱散 Do you know when does the school break up for the summer holidays？放假 break down 出故障，坏掉；垮掉break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)break into 强行闯入；突然起来break out (战争、火灾等)爆发break away from 脱离；逃离See，your computer has broken down a
24、gain!看，你的电脑又坏了！I was encouraged to break away from old forms and rules.大家鼓励我破除旧形式和旧框框。 (教材P30)While the blues was popular，as a musical format it lacked variety and was too sad and slow to dance to.尽管蓝调音乐非常受欢迎，但作为一种音乐形式，它缺少变化，而且太伤感、节奏太慢，不适合跳舞时伴奏。【要点提炼】 While the blues was popular是让步状语从句。(1)while用作从属连
25、词，引导让步状语从句， 表示“虽然”，常用于句首。(2)while的其他用法：while可作并列连词，表示对比关系，意为“而，然而”；while可引导时间状语，表示“在的时候/过程中”；while可引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”，相当于as long as。He was lonely while his father was away on business.当父亲外出做生意时，他感到孤单寂寞。While you have finished your work，you can go now.只要你完成了工作，你就可以走了。She likes collecting stamps while I
26、like playing basketball.她喜欢集邮而我喜欢打篮球。 (教材P31)Wherever the Beatles went，there was a phenomenon called “Beatlemania”thousands of fans would surround them，screaming and going crazy trying to see them.不管“披头士”乐队去哪里，都会出现一种“披头士狂热”现象成千上万的歌迷围住他们，尖叫着，疯狂地想见他们一面。【要点提炼】 wherever the Beatles went是让步状语从句。(1)whatev
27、er等词是由连接词whatever构成的合成词。相关的词还有whoever，whomever，whichever，whenever，wherever，however等。它们都有一个共同的用法，相当于no matter疑问词，意为“无论，不管”，如whateverno matter what，whoeverno matter who，howeverno matter how 等，它们都可引导让步状语从句。however 后必须接adj./adv.，引导让步状语从句，其语序为howeveradj./adv.主语谓语。whichever后通常接n.，引导让步状语从句。(2)whatever，whoe
28、ver，whomever，whichever 除了引导让步状语从句外，还可以引导名词性从句。Whenever (No matter when) you come，you will be warmly welcomed.无论什么时候来，你都会受到热烈欢迎。You can turn to the peoples police for help，no matter what/whatever kind of trouble you are in.无论遇到什么困难，你都可以求助于人民警察。Its wrong to give children whatever they want.孩子要什么就给什么是错误的。Wherever he works，he will be happy.无论在哪儿工作，他都会愉快的。(教材P31)In 1965，the Beatles held a concert at Shea Stadium in New York that was attended by approximately 55，000 people.【分析】句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a concert。【翻译】1965年，“披头士”乐队在纽约谢伊露天体育场举办了一场音乐会，大约有55 000人参加。
