1、最新英语非谓语动词用法详解最新英语非谓语动词用法详解一、单项选择非谓语动词1When _ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.Aasking BaskedChaving asked Dto be asked【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣和值得的。这里when引导的省略句，完整的是when he was asked his view about his job as a teache
2、r，这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语动词有be时，这时从句的主语与be同时省略，故选B。考点：考查省略的用法。点评：本题难度适中。为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略。它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目，需要考生仔细分析句子结构，来确定省略的内容。这里考生容易误选A。即学即练:He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship，_ is more true than any other.A.once gained B.
3、when to gainC.after gaining D.while gaining解析：A。考查省略句。once gained = once it is gained。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和谓语部分。2Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man _ from around 2,300 BCAdated Bdating Cdates Dto date【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：几年前，他们在英格兰发现了一个可追溯至公元前2300年左右的男子坟墓。dat
4、e from表示“追溯到(某一时期)，始于(某一时期)”，a tomb of a man（男子的坟墓）与date from之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词短语作后置定语，若用句子表示二者之间的关系，可以说成A tomb of a man dates from around 2,300 BC故选B。3With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dadAbuy Bto buy Cbuying Dto have bought【答案】B【解析】句意：父亲节将要到
5、来, 为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。题干中空格划在名词后, 但是空格后的部分不是对bank解释说明, 而是说明取钱的目的, 因此此题中非谓语动词做目的状语, 非谓语动词中不定式做状语用来表示目的, 因此选择B4Today there are more airplanes_ more people than ever before in the skies.Acarry BcarryingCcarried Dto be carrying【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查现在分词作定语。句意：现在比以前有有更多的飞机运送乘客。此处airplane和carrying之间是主动关系，故用现在分
6、词作定语。故选B。考点：考查现在分词作定语【名师点睛】非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了;2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.从本题来看主句的主语airplanes与动词carry构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.ing形式作定语。5You cant imagine what difficu
7、lty we had _home in the snowstorm.Awalked BwalkCto walk Dwalking【答案】D【解析】考查have difficulty (in) doing sth.短语的变式运用。difficulty在句中充当先行词，其后为定语从句。答案：D6I remembered _ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.Alocking Bto lock Chaving locked Dto have locked【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。ACD三个
8、选项都表示动作已经完成。只有B选项表示尚未做。句意：我记得离开办公室前要锁门的，但是却忘记了要关灯。remember doing=remember having dong=remember to have done.7(福建) _the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.ASpending BSpentCHaving spent DTo spend【答案】C【解析】试题分析：“花费”和其逻辑主语“Linda”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作原
9、因状语。且“花费”的动作明显早于“看起来成熟”这个动作。表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作，用现在分词的完成时。句意：由于Linda过去几年在香港作交换留学生，所以她看起来比她的实际年龄更成熟。考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。8Come on,please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry.With so much work _ my mind,I almost break down.Afilled Bfilling Cto fill Dbeing filled【答案】B【解析】“with+复合结构”在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常作伴随、方式、原因、条
10、件等状语，该结构由“名词(代词)不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式等”构成。with+名词+动词-ing形式用于强调名词是动词-ing形式的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。根据work与fill的关系可判断出要用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，表示“工作充满了我的头脑”。动词-ed形式作宾语补足语表示被动。动词不定式作宾语补足语表示将要发生的事。9（2018 北京）Ordinary soap, _ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.Aused Bto useCusing Duse【答案】A【解析】考查非谓
11、语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。点睛：过去分词所表示的一个含义就是“被动”。10Chinas image is improving steadily, with more countries _ its role in international affairs.Arecognizing Bbeing recogniz
12、ed Cto be recognized Drecognized【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。11More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _ peoples concern over food safety.Ato raise Braising Cto have raised Dhaving raised【答案】A【解析】 略12（天津）I didn
13、t mean _anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help_ it.Ato eat；to try Beating；tryingCeating；to try Dto eat； trying【答案】D【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldnt help doing忍不住做。故选D。点睛：本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义，本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“
14、mean doing意味着做”和“cant help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldnt help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。13(北京) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time _ with his students.Ato spend BspendCspending Dspent【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Jim已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语，空格只能填非谓语动词，逻辑主语是time，和spend之间是被动关系，故用过去分词spent。故选D
15、项。14_ to as much English as possible is a good way to learn English well.AExposed BBeing exposed CHaving exposed DTo expose【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：尽可能多的接触英语是学好英语的很好的办法。这里is是谓语，前面是主语，应该用动名词，而且be exposed to“暴露于，接触”，所以选B。考点：考查动名词做主语15With the homework _, the students can go to have a picnic.Abeing done BdoneC
16、doing Dto do【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：做完作业后，学生们就可以去野餐了。此处是with的复合结构，homework和动词do是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，指作业被做，过去分词在句中作宾补。故选B。【名师点睛】with复合结构“with复合结构”也是独立主格结构的一种，同样十分重要。在句中表示“原因，结果，伴随，方式”等情况。(1)with + 宾语 + 形容词The children were listening to the teacher with their eyes wide open. （表伴随）(2)with + 宾语 + 介词短语The old man
17、used to take a walk with a stick in his hand. （表方式）(3)with + 宾语 + 副词The proud girl walked away with her head up. （表方式）(4)with + 宾语 + 现在分词Mary felt very shy with so many eyes looking at her. （表原因）(5)with + 宾语 + 过去分词If you sit looking away from a person, or with your back turned, you are saying you ar
18、e not interested in that person. （表方式）本题就是考查此结构，homework和动词do是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，指作业被做，过去分词在句中作宾补。(6)with + 宾语 + 不定式With too much work to do the next day, he felt anxious and didnt sleep well. （表原因）一般说来，with 复合结构放在句末多表示伴随状况；若放在句首，则多表示“原因”或“条件”，例如：With her mother away from home, the little girl felt lonel
19、y. 由于她妈妈不在家，这个女孩感到很孤单。With the guide leading the way, I had no difficulty finding their village. 因为向导带路，我没怎么费事就找到了他们的村子。16I had been betrayed by those who I trusted several times, _ in a suspicious attitude towards everything and everyone.Aresulted Bhaving resulted Cresulting Dto result【答案】C【解析】【详解】
20、考查非谓语做结果状语。句意：我曾被我信任的人背叛过几次，导致我对每件事和每一个人都抱着怀疑的态度。“result in.”为固定搭配，意为“导致”。前一句“我曾被我信任的人背叛过几次”，导致后面的结果“我对每件事和每一个人都抱着怀疑的态度”。前一句导致后面的结果，此处要用动词的ing形式作结果状语，因此选C。17We cant go out in this weather, said Bob, _ out of the window.Alooking Bto lookClooked Dhaving looked【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查现在分词做状语。句意：Bob看着窗外说：“这样
21、的天气我们不能出去”。本句中look与said是同时进行，we与look之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故选A。18Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni （校友） from home and abroad.AAttend BTo attend CAttending DHaving attended【答案】C【解析】主句 .Distinguished guests and frie
22、nds are our alumni （校友） from home and abroad. Attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning非谓语动词作伴随状语。19Japan has recently announced that it will restart commercial whaling, _ great concern and controversy throughout the world.Ato cause Bcausing Chaving caused Dto have caused【答案】B【解析】【
23、详解】考查现在分词。句意：日本最近宣布将重新开始商业捕鲸，引起了全世界的极大关注和争议。分析句子可知，cause与前面句子的意思在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词causing。故B选项正确。【点睛】非谓语动词是考试考查的重点，要掌握它的用法。首先，要弄清楚填空处要填的是非谓语。其次，要知道非谓语动词的三种形式：现在分词表示主动进行、过去分词表示被动完成、动词不定式表示目的和将要。再次，要知道非谓语动作与谓语动作是同时发生还是先后发生，还是将要发生。其中分词做状语的考查尤为重要。分析句子可知，cause与前面句子的意思在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词causing作伴随状语。故B选项正确。2
24、0_ with all sorts of affairs, the manager had little time to have a good sleep.AOccupying BBeing occupiedCOccupied DHaving occupied【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于经理忙于各种事务，几乎没有时间好好睡一觉。“经理”和“占用”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作原因状语，故选C。21A great number of students _ said they were forced to practice the piano.Ato question Bt
25、o be questionedCquestioned Dquestioning【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意：很多被询问的学生都说他们是被迫去练钢琴的。students与question构成被动关系，表示被询问的学生。B项不定式表示将来,，而本句表示的是已经被询问。故选C项。22 _ it many times, I still cant make Tom understand what I said.AExplained BHaving explainedCTo explain DHaving been explained【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽
26、管我已经解释过很多次了，我还是不能让 Tom 明白我说的话。explain和主语I之间为逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词形式；由逻辑关系：先解释后明白，应使用到现在分词的完成式形式，所以选择B项。故选B项。【点睛】分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式。23A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, _your muscles relaxed for over half an hour.Ato leave Bleft Cleaving Dleave【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓
27、语动词。句意：开怀大笑可以缓解身体紧张，至少可以使你的肌肉放松半小时。分析句子可知，空格处做伴随状语。且与逻辑主语laugh构成主动关系，所以用现在分词。故选C。24The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house.Arose BrisingCto rise Drisen【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：他看到的下一件事是从房子后面冒出烟来。作定语时，过去分词表示发生过的被动的动作，和所修饰词是动宾关系。现在分词表示正在发生的伴随性的动作，和所修饰词是主谓关系。不定式表示具体的将要发生的动作。根据题意，他看的的第
28、二件事物是从房后升起的烟。rise的逻辑主语为smoke，是主动关系，用现在分词，故选B。25Beijings new international airport _ into use in 2019 will serve 72 million passengers annually.Abeing put Bto be putCput Dputting【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查不定式作定语。句意：将于2019年投入使用的北京新国际机场将会每年为7200万乘客提供服务。put into use与其逻辑主语Beijings new international airport构成动宾关系，且根据
29、时间状语in 2019可知，此处应使用不定式的被动形式to be done，to be done表将来，被动。故选B。【点睛】常考的动词不定式 “五式”1) 一般式（to do）：强调与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，或发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 I hope to see you again. = I hope that Ill see you again. 我希望再见到你。 2) 完成式（to have done）：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Im sorry to have given you so much trouble. 很抱歉给您带来这么多麻烦。3) 进行式(to be
30、 doing)： 表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 4) 被动式（to be done）： 表示将来，被动的动作。 There will be a new skyscraper to be built here.这儿将建一座新的摩天大楼。5）否定式（not to do）： He was told not to leave without permission.他被告知不能在未经许可的情况下离开。在本题中，首先，put into use与其逻辑主语Beijings new international airport构成动宾关系；其次，且有很明显的表示将来的时间状语in 2019，故应使用不定时的被动形式to be done。26It is said that _ to classic music may be helpful in improving teenagers taste.Aexposed Bexposing Cbeing exposed Dhaving exposed【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说接触古典音乐对提
