1、初三专题复习数词形容词副词W个 性 化 辅 导 教 案授课时间：2009-2-16备课时间：2009-2-15年级：初三 课时：2小时课题：专题复习学生姓名： 教师： 教学目标专题复习，构建知识网难点重点数词，形容词及副词的主要考点专题复习初三英语热点专题复习系列三数词、形容词和副词一、中考对数词和形容词知识要求：中考对数词的考查主要集中在：1、掌握1-100的基数词和序数词的构成及其主要用法；2、掌握年、月、日、时的基本表达方式及其与之相应的介词搭配；3、掌握日常交际活动中涉及到的数字的表达方法；4、了解数词的某些特殊用法。中考对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在：1、掌握比较级和最高级的一般构成
2、规则；2、掌握比较级和最高级的不规则变化形式；3、掌握比较级和最高级的基本句型及其用法；4、掌握形容词做表语和定语的用法；5、掌握常用副词在句中的位置，并了解其意义。二、数词考察点分项说明：数词分为基数词和序数词两类，表示数量多少的数词是基数词，如one（一），two（二），seven（七）等，表示顺序次第的数词叫序数词，如the first（第一），the second（第二），the seventh（第七）。在对数词进行复习的时候，首先要会读会写所有基数词和序数词，以及与数词有关的时间表达法。对数词的考查，中考常采用单选题及听力题。（一）、序数词一般由基数词加-th构成，100以内的基本的
3、序数词如下：（二）、序数词的构成及用法：1、以下几个序数词较为特殊： first（第一） second（第二） third（第三） fifth（第五） eighth（第八） ninth（第九） twelfth（第十二）2、以-ty结尾的基数词变为序数词的构成方法是：先将十位整数的基数词尾的-ty变成-ti，然后再加-eth. 如：twentytwentieth （第二十） eightyeightieth （第八十）3、基数词“几十几”变成序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词，十位不变。 如：thirty-twothirty-second （第三十二） seventy-fiveseventy-fift
4、h （第七十五）4、序数词的缩写形式，在阿拉伯数字后加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。 如：fifth5th second2nd5、序数词前通常要用定冠词the。6、hundred, thousand, million, billion等词在构成具体的数字时用单数形式。只有在表达笼统的多数时才加s，构成复数形式，前面不能加具体的数字。如：three hundred seats 三百个座位 hundreds of 数以百计的，成百上千的 thousands of 数以千计的，成千上万的millions of 数百万的 billions of数十亿的（三）与数词有关的时间表达法：1、钟点表示法： 顺读
5、法 如：1:15 one fifteen 3:30 three thirty 倒读法(用past / to表示) 如： 1:15 a quarter past one 3:30 half past three 7:56 four to eight表示钟点只用基数词，并且钟点前用介词at。2、日期表示法： 英语中日期的排列顺序是：星期、月、日、年如： 2003年3月17日，星期一 Monday, March the 17th, 2003. 在具体某一天前用介词on3、世纪、年代表示法 （在）90年代 (in) the nineties （在）19世纪 (in) the nineteenth ce
6、ntury （在）18世纪30年代 (in) 1730s或1730s（四）、基数词常和一些计量类名词“单数”用“一”连在一起，构成复合形容词，修饰名词。 如： a twelve-year-old boy 一个十二岁的男孩 a five-mile race 一次五英里的赛跑三、形容词和副词考察点分项说明： 形容词用于修饰名词和代词，表示人和事物的性质和特征。副词既可修饰动词，又可修饰形容词，其它副词，甚至整个句子。（一）形容词和副词级的变化：大多数的形容词、副词都有三个等级： 原级： 比较级： 比较.，更.一些 最高级： 最.1、 一般构成规律：词的特征 变 化 例 词 原 级 比较级 最高级
7、一般单音节词 直接加-er, -est stronghigh strongerhigher strongesthighest 以e结尾的词 加-r, -st widenice widernicer widestnicest 以单个辅音字母（非r）结尾的单音节词 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er, -est fatthin fatterthinner fattestthinnest 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词 变y为i，再加-er,-est heavyhappy heavierhappier heaviesthappiest 少数以-er, -ow结尾的双音节词 直接加-er; -est cle
8、vernarrow cleverernarrower cleverestnarrowest 多数双音节词多音节词和源于分词的形容词 在原级前加more, most stupiddifficulttired more stupidmore difficultmore tired most stupidmost difficultmost tired 2、常见的不规则变化：原 级 比较级 最高级 good well better best bad badly ill worse worst many much more most little less least far fartherfurth
9、er farthestfurthest old olderelder oldesteldest 3、常见的比较级和最高级的基本句型及其用法：原级的用法：肯定句型： as + 形容词（副词）原级 + as 意思是 “与一样” The boy is as clever as his brother. 这个男孩和他的哥哥一样聪明。 Lucy writes as carefully as Lily. 露茜写得和莉莉一样认真。否定句型： not so/as + 形容词（副词）原级 +as 意思是“不如“ Monkeys are not as strong as elephants. 猴子不如大象强壮。
10、He is not so good a man as you. 他没有你好。比较级的用法：1、比较级+than Peter is wiser than Sam.彼得比山姆聪明。 The car is more beautiful than that one. 这来辆车比那一辆漂亮。2、形容词比较级前可用much, even, still, any, far, four times, a little等修饰。 Peter is much wiser than Sam.彼得比山姆聪明的多。 The room is a little brighter than that one. 这间房子比那间稍微
11、亮一点。3、比较级+and+比较级 意思是“越来越.”It rains harder and harder.雨下得越来越大。4、The+比较级，the+比较级 意思是“越.就越.” The harder you study, the faster you make progress.你学习越努力，进步就越快。5、比较级+than any other+单数名词. 意思是“比其它的任何一个都更”（这种情况其实是用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。）He is more stupid than any other student in his class.在他班里他比其它任何学生都更愚蠢。She is
12、taller than any other girl in the team. 她比队里的其余任何一个女孩都要高。最高级的用法：1、有范围修饰的用最高级，如:in, of, among或用从句修饰的句子中。 This is the most expensive of all the watches.在所有这些表中这块最贵。2、序数词+最高级+名词 表示“第几个最的” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国的第二大河流。 The park is the third largest one in Beijing. 这个
13、公园是北京第三大公园。3、one of the+最高级+复数名词 表示“是最之一” America is one of the richest countries in the world.美国是世界上最富有的国家之一。 One of the most beautiful places in Beijing is the Summer Palace. 北京最美丽的地方之一是颐和园。4、形容词最高级前一定要用the，而副词最高级前可省略。 The elephant is the heaviest in the zoo.大象是这个动物园里最重的动物。 She came (the) earliest
14、 of all the students.所有学生中她来得最早。（二）、常用副词在句中的位置：1、时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般置于句末。 They met in China last year. 他们去年在中国见面了。Its raining hard outside. 外面雨下得很大。The students are reading English loudly. 学生们在大声朗读英语。2、强调时间时，时间副词可置于句首。 Last year they met in China.3、时间副词和地点副词前一定不要加介词。 She is on her way home. 她正在回家的路上。4、
15、频度副词在句中的位置有两种：（1）实义动词之前：I usually play football on Friday afternoon.我通常周五下午踢足球。I seldom watch TV.我很少看电视。（2）be动词、情态动词和第一助动词之后Mr. Green is always busy.格林先生一直很忙。I have never seen him before.以前我从未见过他。四、巩固练习一、单项选择1. of the apples in the fruit bowl are soft and sweet. A. Two-third B. Second-third C. Two-t
16、hirds D. Second-thirds2. Where are they going to have the meeting? In . A. 204 Room B. Room 204 C. the room 204 D. the Room 2043. What is the time? Its (4:25). A. four twenty-five B. four past twenty-five C. twenty-five to four D. four twenty five4. Please give us . A. two glasses of waters B. two g
17、lass of water C. two glasses water D. two glasses of water5. Light is faster than an ordinary plane. A. two million time B. millions of time C. three millions times D. millions of times6. There are seasons in a year. The season is spring. A. four, one B. fourth, first C. fourth, one D. four, first7.
18、 She has a baby. A. ten-months-old B. ten months-old C. ten-months-olds D. ten-month-old8. It took them to finish the work last year. A. two and a half months B. two month and a half C. a half and two months D. two months and half9. Whats the date today? Its . A. July five B. July the five C. July f
19、ifty D. July the fifth10. There are in the room. A. four box of oranges B. four boxes of orange C. four box oranges D. four boxes of oranges11. I dont feel very today. A. good B. better C. nice D. well12. He didnt go there with me, she didnt . A. too B. either C. neither D. also13. Our hall is their
20、s. A. twice as large as B. twice so large as C. as twice large as D. twice more than14. John did in the exam, Tom did even . A. bad, worse B. more bad, more worse C. badly, worst D. badly, worse15. Your mother wont be angry with you, will she? I hope . A. so B. it C. not D. no二、改错（下列各句中有一处有误，请找出错误处，
21、将其序号填入题前括号内并改正。）( ) 1. He doesnt feel like anything. Please give him delicious something toeat. A B C D( ) 2. I found a quite big mouse in the kitchen the day before yesterday. A B C D( ) 3. He plans to stay here for another more week. A B C D( ) 4. Paris is the most beautiful than any other city in
22、 the world. A B C D( ) 5. Is it more difficult to learn Chinese than learning Japanese? A B C D笑话Pollution (Words: 266 Minutes:5.5)The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means (通讯设备). Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but
23、 it has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution (污染). To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serio
24、us because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world. Air pollution is still the most serious. Its bad for all living things in the world, but it is
25、 not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily. Many countries are making rules (法规) to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal (煤) in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty
26、 smoke into the air. Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused (引起) by heavy traffic. It is sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution. The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air c
27、lean. And we must take care of the rise in population at the same time.1. Our world is becoming much smaller _.A. because the earth is being polluted day and night.B. thanks to science developmentC. because of the rise in populationD. because the earth is blown away by the wind every year2. Thousand
28、s of years ago, life was _ it is today.A. much easier than B. as easy as C. as hard asD. much harder than3. Pollution comes in many ways. We can even hear it. Here “it” means _.A. water pollution B. air pollutionC. noise pollution D. rubbish (垃圾)4. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because _.A. its bad for all living things in the world B. it makes much noiseC. it makes our rivers and lakes dirty D. it makes us angry more easily5. Which of the followin
