1、本标准是英国关於电线电缆行业的标准 BS 50999:1992Foreword 前言This Britishi Standard has been prepared under the direction of the cable and Insulation Standards policy Committee and supersedes BS 5099:1974 which is withdrawn.本標準是英國關於電線電纜行業的標準，取代BS 5099:1974This edition of BS 5099 introduces a clause on calibration freq
2、uency, together with an associated annex on the procedure for checking the efficacy of the method of spark testing.此版本的BS 5099在附件裏增添了火花試機的校準週期以及校準的方法和程式。This British Standard specifies spark testing of a wide range of cables, and , in as far as it is applicable, is equivalent to the spark testing sp
3、ecified in HD 21.2 and HD 22.2 for low voltage cables.這個版本的BS 5099對電線電纜的絕緣火花試驗作了很全面的說明，在很長時間內都是很適用的，在低壓電線的火花測試與HD 21.2和HD 22.2是一樣的。Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.BS標準本身不能作為產品免檢的法律依據。 Specification 規格說明1 Scope 範圍This British Standard speci
4、fies requirements and test methods for a.c,d,c,high frequency and pulsed wave-form spark testing of the insulation and sheath of electric cables, The use of high frequency and pulsed wave-form testers is limited to cables rated less than 0.6/1KV,unless referred to in the cable specification.這個標準是英國關
5、於AC、DC、和高頻以及脈衝電壓對絕緣電線和護套的火花測試標準。高頻或脈衝火花機是用於檢測額定電壓在0.6或1kV以下的電線。2.References 參考2.1 Normative references 標準參考This British Standard incorporates, by reference, provisions from specific editions of other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate points in the text and the pub
6、lications are listed on the inside back cover. Subsequent amendments to , or revisions of , any of these publications apply to this standard only when incorporated in it by updating or revision.2.2 informative references 標準的提供This British Standard refers to other publications that provide informatio
7、n or guidance. Editions of these publications current at the time of issue of this standard are listed are listed on inside back cover, but reference should be made to the latest editions.3 Application 應用The spark test which is specified in this standard shall be applied at the stagesof manufacture
8、indicated by the cable specification.這個標準裏關於火花測試的內容對於電線電纜製造業是很有用的。Note1. The test clauses of the appropriate cable specifications give details of the component to which spark testing is applicable.根據電線的不同規格來選擇適當的測試方式。Note2.For guidance on the use of spark testing machines, see annex A. 火花機的使用見附錄A4Hi
9、gh voltage source 高壓電源4.1 General 普通的To avoid the risk of electrical shock to personnel, for all types of voltage source the output shall be limited to less than 10mA r.m.s or equivalent. The high voltage source shall be supplied in one of the following forms.為了避免人員觸及高壓而造成的危險，所有的輸出高壓電源的電流必須10mA.高壓電源
10、必須符合下面某一種：a) Alternating current of approximately sine wace-form at a frequency of 40Hz to 62Hz.a) 交流電電源頻率為40Hz-62Hz，電壓波形應近似正弦波。b) Direct current with the positive pole earthed and the negative pole connected to the test electrode by means of a low capacitance unscreened lead.The peak to peak value
11、of ripple on the d.c. output voltage shall not exceed 5% of the d.c. voltage.b)直流電源的正極接地，負極由一根低電容的非遮罩電線與試驗電極連接。電源輸出電壓應為脈動因數不大於5%的直流電壓。c) High frequency current of approximately sine wave-form at frequency of 1kHz to 1000kHz. 高頻電源頻率通常為1kHz-1000kHz之間，電壓波形近似正弦波。d) Impulsed current generated from a volt
12、age wave-form consisting of a sharp rise pulse followed by a highly damped wave train.The sharp rise of the impulse wave front shall reach 90% of the specified peak value in less than 20us. Fluctuations of the actual peak value, due to variations of input power into the generator, shall not exceed2%
13、 of the specified peak value. The peak value shall not show more than 5% reduction in the event of an increase of capacitance load of 50pF,during the operation, from an initial load of 25pF between electrode and instrument ground. The pulse duration, including the damped portion of the wave, shall b
14、e between 40us and 50us. The pulse repetition tate of the electrode shall be a minimum of 170 pulses per second. Visible or audible corona shall be evident in the electrode structure when operating at the specified voltage脈衝波的波頭在20us內將會突漲90%。那些變化是由於輸入脈衝發生器的電壓所引起的。其波動不應超過每刻度峰值電壓的2%。在運行期間，電極的電容負載從25pf
15、增到50pf.其峰值的增長應在5%以內。在脈衝週期的波形衰減應在40us與50us之間。電極每一的迴圈脈衝必須大於170次以上。運行的時候，在電極周圍可以明顯的看見有一束光環。4.2 voltage monitoring equipment 電壓檢測設備4.2.1 For a.c, d.c. and high frequency sources the electrode to earth potential difference shall be displayed on a meter either by connection direct to the output terminals
16、of the high voltage source or by any suitable arrangerment which gives a result5% of the drect reading. The meter shall be calibrated to read d.c. or a.c. (r.m.s) as appropriate and shall conform to a standard not lower than that specified for class 1 instruments in BS89:part 1: 1990 and part 2: 199
17、0.火花機對地的電位差應由火花機的試驗電壓儀錶顯示，該表既可直接接到高壓電源輸出端，也可通過任何其他合適連接方法連接，但是其顯示值誤差應在5%範圍內。4.2.2 for an impulse source there shall be a peak reading instrument voltmeter connected directly to the electrode head, indicating continually the potential of the electrode with or without a grounded test wire in the chambe
18、r. The peak reading voltmeter shall show full deflection at a peak value not exceeding 25kV and shall have an accuracy of3% of the specified operating value。This meter shall be capable of maintaining this accuracy for an adequate period, and the calibration frequency set accordingly.脈衝火花機，電壓表直接接在試驗電
19、極上，顯示的是測試電線沒有接地的情況下的峰值電壓。電壓表顯示的最高峰值是25kV,誤差為每刻度的3%以內。這個表應能保證其準確度在一定內時間都不變，其校準週期同火花機。The impulse test equipment shall be calibrated by means of a peak detecting electronic voltmeter connected directly between the electrode head and ground. The impulse generator shall be energized and the voltage cont
20、rol of the impulse generator shall be adjusted until the reading on the calibration voltmeter is the specified potential,at which point the reading on the instrument voltmeter shall be observed and recorded; this calibration shall be repeated at each specified peak potential. The pulse wave-form sha
21、ll be monitored by means of an oscilloscope connected to the electrode head at suitable test points.脈衝火花機的校準是把數位電壓表直接接在測試電極和地之間。調節脈衝發生器直到輸出的電壓與電壓表上的電壓一致為止。每個刻度都要觀察和記錄並要重複進行。脈衝波的波形是通過接在測試電極頭上的示波器來觀察。NOTE:Calibration may be accomplished without a test wire in the electrode head, in which case the volt
22、age control on the impulse generator may require different setting for each cable size in order to give the desired reading on the instrument voltmeter; or the calibration may be made with a load of 20pF to 60pF. The equipment may also be calibrated against an oscilloscope with a calibrated and comp
23、ensated attenuator. The chosen method should have an accuracy of2%.注釋：火花機的校準必須在試驗電極沒有電線或電纜通過的情況下進行。校準所用的示波器和電源衰減器也必須先校準，選擇的測試方法的誤差應在2%以內。5 Test voltage 測試電壓值5.1 Contact electrode 接觸式電極5.1.1 General 常規The high voltage supply to the test electrode shall be either alternating current, direct current, h
24、igh frequency current or impulsed current as specified in 4.1.通常採用的測試高壓電源有交流、直流、高頻和脈衝。在4.1中有詳細介紹。for all types of testing, the conductor of the core under test, or the conductor, metallic sheath, screen or armour underlying the non-metallic sheath to be tested ,shall be continuously earthed .金屬護套導線，
25、適合於所有類型的電線測試，測試時金屬線芯、金屬遮罩部分或金屬鎧裝層以及金屬護套都必須連續的良好接地。5.1.2 Insulation 絕緣Spark test voltage values given by the potential difference between the test electrode and the conductor of the core or cable under test shall be specified in the cable standard.火花試驗時，電極與被測試電線或電纜之間的電位差的值在電線標準中有明確規定。Tavle 1. Spark t
26、est voltage values for insulationTabulated radial Thickness of insulationAbovemmUp to andincludingmma.c(r.m.s)kVd.c.kVh.f.(r.m.s) kVImpulsepeak kV -0.250.51.01.52.02.50.250.51.01.52.02.5 - 3 4 610152025 5 6 915233038 4 5 7 - - - - 5 6 9 1523 - -1) Where more than one thickness is given, the minimumv
27、alue shall be used 測試電壓參考表5.1.3 Insulation/sheath 絕緣/護套When spark testing of a combination of insulation/sheath is specified in the relevant cable standard, it shall be carried out using one of the voltage sources specified in 4.1 at the appropriate voltage given as follows:絕緣護套的火花測試標準，要按照4.1裏規定的電源種
28、類和電壓標準：a) a.c.: at 6kV per millimetre of the combined tabulated radial thickness of insulation and sheath, up to a maximum voltage of 25kV; 交流電源測試時，每一毫米絕緣厚度的護套要求6kV的電壓，最高為25kV。b) d.c.and impulse: at 9kV per millimetre of the combined tabulated radial thickness of insulation and sheath, up to a maxim
29、um voltage of 38kV for d.c.and 23kV for impulse;使用直流電源或脈衝測試時，每一毫米絕緣厚度的護套要求9kV的電壓，直流最高為38kV，脈衝最高為25kV.c) h.f.: at 7kV per millimetre of the combined tabulated radial thickness of insulation and sheath, up to a maximum voltage of 14kv.使用高頻電源測試時，每一毫米的絕緣厚度要求7kV的電壓，最高為14kV.5.1.4 Sheath 護套When spark testi
30、ng of sheath of thickness greater than 0.5mm is specified in the relevant cable standard it shall be carried out using one of the voltage sources specified in 4.1 at the appropriate voltage given as follows: 在絕緣厚度大於0.5mm的護套電纜測試在電線的標準中應有詳細的規定，適當的選擇4.1中的電源進行測試。a) a.c.: at 6kV per millimetre of tabulat
31、ed radial thickness of sheath, up to a maximum voltage of 25kV; 交流測試時，每毫米厚度的護套需要6kV的電壓測試，最高電壓是25kVb) d.c.and impulse: at 9kV per millimetre of tabulated radial thickness of sheath, up to a maximum voltage of 38kVfor d.c.and 23kV for impulse;直流和脈衝測試時，每毫米厚度的護套需要9kV的電壓，直流的最高電壓是38kV,脈衝的最高電壓是23kV;c) h.f.
32、: at 7kV per millimetre of tabulated radial thickness of tabulated radial thickness of sheath,upto a maximum voltage of 10.5kV. 高頻測試時，每毫米厚度的護套的電壓是7kV，最高測試電壓是10.5kV.NOTE. For sheath thickness below 0.5mm,the test voltage should be the subject of agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.注意：當護套的厚度小於0.5mm時，測試電壓應當由製造商和購買者協調。5.2 Non-contact electrode 非接觸式電極The supply to
