学年高中英语 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions单元测试 新人教版选修8.docx
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学年高中英语 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions单元测试 新人教版选修8.docx
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学年高中英语Unit3Inventorsandinventions单元测试新人教版选修8
Unit3 Inventorsandinventions
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分35分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题2.5分,满分35分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Here'sagooddeedyoucandowithoutpartingwithasinglething.Synthetic(合成的)voicesforpeoplewhohavelosttheabilitytospeakonlycomeingeneric(一般的)types—thinkofStephenHawking'svoice—butoneamazingprojectwantstobuildcustomvoicesforeachperson.Todothattheyneedyourhelp:
specifically,arecordingofyourvoice.
VocalIDisthebrainchildoftwospeechscientists,whoareturningtheirresearchintoamuchlargerproject.Voiceisverypersonaland,likeaprosthetic(假体的)legorarm,itmakessenseitshouldbecustomizedtoeachperson.
Here'showitworks—anddon'tworry,thisdoesnotmeansomeonewillbewalkingaroundwiththesamevoiceasyououtthere:
Afterrecordingacoupleofhoursofaudioin,say,aquietroomwithaniPhone,yousendittoVocalID,whereaprogramcalledModelTalkercutsitupintothebasicunitsofspeechthatcanberecombinedasnewwordsandsentences.Inthatsamestep,characteristicsofthepatient'svoice—basedonwhatlimitedsoundstheycanmake—aremixedwiththedonor'stocreateawholenewone.
VocalIDisstillinitsbeginningstages,andthey'relookingforhelpfromeveryoneincludingvoicedonors,financialsupport,andprogrammers.Apriority(优先的事物)ismakingvoicedonationeveneasier,cuttingdownrecordingtime,especiallyforkids.Butasitstandsalready,yourvoiceisjustabouttheeasiestthingtodonate.
( )1.StephenHawking'svoice________.
A.hasnopersonalcharacteristics
B.wasdonatedbyavolunteer
C.wascreatedbyVocalID
D.soundedamazing
( )2.WecaninferthatVocalIDaimsto________.
A.doresearchonvoices
B.teachsomepeopletospeak
C.produceprostheticlegsorarms
D.helpsomepeoplehavetheir“own”voice
( )3.Tocreateanewvoice,whichofthefollowingis/areneeded?
A.Soundsmadebythepatient.
B.Afewdaysofaudiorecording.
C.Thevoiceofatleasttwodonors.
D.ModelTalkerthatcancombinewords.
( )4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?
A.TointroducesomejobsinVocalID.
B.Toencouragereaderstodonatetheirvoice.
C.ToadvertiseaprogramcalledModelTalker.
D.Tocollectmoneyforpeoplewhocannotspeak.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文,介绍了如何给不会说话的人捐献声音。
1.A 推理判断题。
由第一段中的“Synthetic(合成的)voicesforpeople…customvoicesforeachperson.”可知,史蒂芬·霍金那样的合成语音是一般的类型,而一个新的项目想要为不能讲话的人制作个性化的声音。
据此可推断,史蒂芬·霍金的合成语音没有个性特征。
2.D 推理判断题。
由第一段中的“oneamazingprojectwantstobuildcustomvoicesforeachperson”及第二段中的“Voiceisverypersonaland…itmakessenseitshouldbecustomizedtoeachperson.”可知,VocalID旨在帮助人们拥有有个性特征的声音。
3.A 细节理解题。
由第四段中的“characteristicsofthepatient'svoice—basedonwhatlimitedsoundstheycanmake—aremixed”可知,要在捐献的声音的基础上制作一个新的声音,需要患者自己发出的声音。
4.B 写作意图题。
由文章开头的“Here'sagooddeedyoucando…”及文章末的“yourvoiceisjustabouttheeasiestthingtodonate”可推断,文章主要是鼓励读者为不能讲话的人捐献自己的声音。
B
Waterpebble:
savingwateronedropatatime
Introduction:
WithWaterpebble,youcanknowhowmuchwaterisbeingusedwhileyouareshoweringanddecreasethatamountsograduallythatit'spracticallyimpossibletosee.
Aims:
Waterpebblenotonlyencouragespeopletouselesswaterbutalsohelpspeoplerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheearth.
Background:
PaulPriestmaninventedWaterpebbleandwasoriginallyinspiredbyahotelbathroomsignthatread,“PleaseSaveWater.”
Usage:
Waterpebbleisasmallrounddevicethathasthreelightindicationsofred,orangeandgreen.Theyindicate“toomuch”,“justenough”and“Welldone!
You'resavingtheplanet”.SimplyplaceWaterpebbleundertheshoweranditwillrecordthelengthofyourshowers.Fromthatpointonitstartsgraduallyencouragingyoutoreduceyourshowertimebyflashingtheappropriatelight.Duringyournextshoweritwillflashgreen,orangeorred.Ifyouhaveletitgoallthewaytored,thenyouhaveoverusedtheamountoftimeofyourlastshower.Ifyoustopshoweringatgreen,youhavebeatenyourrecord.Theideaistolimiteachshowertosixminutesorless.
Effects:
FamilieswhouseWaterpebblecanlookforwardtotheirfuturewaterbills.Itisacleverandenvironmentallyconsciouswaytomaketheprocessofsavingwateramoreinstinctive(本能的)character.Familiesreportthattheirkidslovetheideaofplayingaroleinprotectingtheplanetwithoutbeingconstantlyreminded.
Formoreinformation,pleasevisitWaterpebbleonline.
( )5.Waterpebbleisdesignedto________.
A.encouragepeopletoshowereveryday
B.helppeoplesavewaterwhileshowering
C.helppeopletakeashowermorehappily
D.recordpeople'sshowertimeaccurately
( )6.WhatinspiredPaulPriestmantoinventWaterpebble?
A.Hisloveforinvention.
B.Thefactoflackingwater.
C.Anexperienceofstayinginahotel.
D.Theimportanceoftakingshowers.
( )7.Whenyoutakeashower,youshould________.
A.turnonthethreelightsofWaterpebblefirst
B.setatimelimitonWaterpebbleaheadoftime
C.payattentiontotheflashinglightofWaterpebble
D.keepWaterpebble'sredlightflashingallthetime
【语篇解读】本文是应用文,话题是科技发明类。
本文介绍了PaulPriestman发明的旨在帮助人们在淋浴时节约用水的Waterpebble。
5.B 细节理解题。
根据第二段可知,Waterpebble主要用来鼓励人们在淋浴时做到节约用水。
6.C 细节理解题。
根据第三段可知,Paul是因为自己在酒店的经历产生了发明Waterpebble的想法。
7.C 细节理解题。
根据第五段可知,Waterpebble的指示灯如果是红色,则说明使用者在浪费水,绿色则表明节约用水,所以你在淋浴的时候,要注意Waterpebble指示灯的颜色。
C
MickeyMousewantstohelpkidskickthejunkfoodhabit.TheWaltDisneyCompanyannouncedthatitplanstoadvertiseonlyhealthierfoodtokids.
By2015,allfoodanddrinkproductsthatareadvertisedonitsTVchannels,radiostationsandwebsiteswillhavetomeetthecompany'snutritionstandardforlimitingcaloriesandreducingfat,sodiumandsugar.Manyfood,suchasfruitdrinks,candyandsnackcakes,won'tmeetthestandard.
FirstLadyMichelleObamacalledita“gamechanger”.“DisneyisdoingwhatnomajormediacompanyhaseverdonebeforeintheUSandwhatIhopeeverycompanywilldointhefuture.”
“Thisisalandmark(里程碑),becauseamajormediacompanyistakingresponsibilityforwhatfoodtheyadvertisetochildren,”saysMargoWootan,directorofnutritionpolicyfortheCenterforScienceinthePublicInterest.“ThisshouldbearealwakeupcalltoNickelodeon(anAmericanchildren'schannel)andtheCartoonNetworktodothesame.”
Butthecompanywillstillbeabletoadvertise“betterforyouversions(种类)ofproductsthatarenotperfectlynutritious.”Underthenewstandards,breakfastcerealsthatareadvertisedwillhavetocontainfewerthan10gramsofsugarinaserving,Wootansays.“That'sagoodstepforward,butit'snotperfectlynutritious.”
JonLeibowitz,chairmanoftheFederalTradeCommission,saysDisneyismakingthismove“atperhapssomeriskofaffectingtheirincomes,sothat'swhyweshouldpraisethem.”
“Foodmarketingisreallyimportantbecauseitshapesthewaykidsarefed,”Wootansays.“Ifwedon'tdealwithfoodmarketingtokids,wedon'thaveanychanceofaddressingchildhoodobesity.”
Currently,athirdofchildrenareoverweight,puttingthematagreaterriskforserioushealthproblems.
Atitsthemeparks,Disneybeganofferinghealthierkids'mealsservingcarrotsandothervegetables,fruit,lowfatmilkandyogurtatmeals,insteadoffriesandsoftdrinks.
( )8.Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3probablyrefersto________.
A.thewakeupcall
B.theWaltDisneyCompany
C.thehabitofeating:
junkfood
D.thenutritionstandardintheUS
( )9.WhatdoesMargoWootanthinkofDisney'snewmove?
A.Hethinksitisarisk.
B.Hethinksveryhighlyofit.
C.Hethinksitwillgetwidesupport.
D.Hethinksitwillaffecttheirincomes.
( )10.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?
A.Disneycallsforabanonjunkfood.
B.Disneyaimstohelpkidsloseweight.
C.Disneyistoservehealthierfoodforkids.
D.Disneyistoquittakingadsforjunkfoodaimedatkids.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。
文章主要讲了迪士尼将不再为垃圾食品做广告以及社会各界对此的反应。
8.B 推理判断题。
文章前两段简要介绍了迪士尼公司新的食品广告营养标准,这里米歇尔评价迪士尼是“规则改变者”,所以it指代的应该是迪士尼公司,B项正确。
9.B 细节理解题。
根据第四段中MargoWootan的话“Thisisalandmark(里程碑),becauseamajormediacompanyistakingresponsibilityforwhatfoodtheyadvertisetochildren…”可知,MargoWootan高度评价迪士尼的新举措,所以应选B项。
10.D 主旨大意题。
文章主要介绍了迪士尼将拒绝垃圾食品广告,帮助改善儿童饮食结构,以及社会各界对此的反应,D项概括准确。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Asachildgrowsup,youmaywonderhowyoucanteachhimtobecomearespectfuladult.__11__Achildwholearnstorespectnotonlylearnstoreceiverespectfromothers,butalsolearnstorespectothers.
●Showhimrespect.
Thisisthebestwaytoteachyourchildhowtorespectothers.Listentoyourchildattentivelyandhewilllearntolistentoyou,understandinghowimportantitisincommunication.
●__12__
Themoreyousay“please”and“thankyou”toyourchild,themorelikelyhewilllearntousethem.Politenessthenbecomesanormalpartofanyconversation.
●Agreetodisagree.
__13__Explainyourdecisionsothathewillunderstandyouandexpectrespectfulresponses.Disagreeingwithyoudoesn'tnecessarilymeandisobedience(不顺从).
●Controlyourimpulsetooverreact.
Whenasituationarises,staycalmandkeepinmindthatyouaresupposedtobemodelingcorrectbehavior.__14__
●Praise,praise,praise.
Somuchisfocusedonwhatachilddoeswrongandhowtocorrectitthathisaccomplishmentsarenotcelebratedenough.__15__
A.Teachmannersbyusingpoliterequestsandresponses.
B.Trytorememberthatachildwon'talwaysagreewithyou.
C.Respectisnecessaryforameaningfulandsuccessfullife.
D.Ifheseesyouloseyourtemper,heismorelikelytorespondthatwayinfuture.
E.Achildmayactashepleases,andhewillliveahappylife.
F.Seeingachildexhibitre
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