Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804~1864)25页PPT.pptx
- 文档编号:2423979
- 上传时间:2023-05-03
- 格式:PPTX
- 页数:25
- 大小:695.76KB
Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804~1864)25页PPT.pptx
《Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804~1864)25页PPT.pptx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804~1864)25页PPT.pptx(25页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
Chiefworks,TheTwice-ToldTales(1837)Hawthornesfirstcollectionofshortstories.Itfirstbroughthisnametotheattentionofthepublicandthecriticalcircle.MossesfromanOldManse(1846)Hissecondcollectionofshortstories.FinishedwhilehewasworkingasasurveyoroftheCustomsHouse.TheScarletLetter(1850)ItprovedaliterarysensationwhichestablishedHawthorneasthegreatAmericannovelist.,ItreceivedwiderecognitionandbecameHawthornesmasterpieceandoneoftheworldsclassicsintheend.,TheHouseoftheSevenGables(1851)ItisbasedonthetraditionofacursepronouncedontheauthorsfamilywhenhisgreatgrandfatherwasajudgeintheSalemwitchcraft.TheMarbleFaun(1860)astoryonthethemethatevileducatesandtheconfrontationwithevilwillelevateyoursoul-thetragicriseisbornoutoffortunatefall.,ThematicConcerns,Hawthornesfictionshowstheeffectoftimeandhistory,esp.therelationshipbetweenthepastandthepresent.Hisfictionexploresthesourceofevil;theinnerworldofmanandexaminestheeffectofsinandguilt.Hisfictionrevealsthemoralisolationoftheindividualversuscommunity.Hisfictionexploresthetensionbetweenthehead(theintellect)andtheheart(thefeelings)aswellasthedestructiveimpulseofthehumanmind(id),Hisfictionhighlightstheholinessoftheindividualandthenecessityofhumanrelationship.StyleHawthornewroteintheformofromanceandallegory.Hawthorneusedsymbolsandsettingstorevealthepsychologyofthecharacters.Hawthornesstyleissoft,flowing,easyintransition.Histouchislight,buthisobservationissomber.Heusedambiguitytohelpthereaderinaworldofuncertainty.Tocreatetheambiguity,heoftenemployedthetechniqueofmultipleviews.,LiteraryTerms,Romanceaformofnarrativewritingoriginatedfromthemedievaltimethatdealswithexcitingandchivalricadventuresbyheroes.Inmoderntimesaromanceisusuallyalovestory,esp.asentimentalone,butitcanalsobeanyadventuresthatincludealongtheme.Allegoryaformofnarrativewritinginwhichthepeople,objectsoreventsareusedsymbolocallytoputacrossaparticularmeaning(usuallymoralorreligious),TheAnalysisofYoungGoodmanBrownItsanallegoryaboutthemoralconditionofman.Itssymbolicoftheuniversalprocessofmansinitiationfrominnocencetomaturity.ItbestexemplifiesHawthornesviewsofevilanditsdominanceoverhumansouls.,AnalysisofScarletLetter,Para1WhatsHestersreactiontotheconfrontedshame?
Whatwouldsustainhertosurvivethetorture?
Whatsherattitudetolaw?
Whatsheranticipationforherfuturelife?
AnalysisofScarletLetter,Paragraph2-3WhatstheauthorsrationalizationofherchoicetoremaininEngland?
WhatdoesthisshowaboutHawthornesviewofsinandpenance?
AnotherreasonforhertoremaininEnglandissecret.Whatisit?
Paragraph4.WhatsHestersdwellingplacelike?
Whatatmosphereiscreatedthroughthedescriptionofthesurroundings?
Para.5HowdoesHestermanagetosupportherselfandherchildren?
AnalysisofScarletLetter,PARA.6HowpopularisHesterssewing?
Whyisthereanexception?
Para.7WhatkindoflifedoesHesterlead?
WhatspecialmeaningisendoweduponHestersneedlework?
AnalysisofDr.HeideggersExperiment,Heideggersstudy:
Ifallstoriesweretrue,Dr.Heideggersstudymusthavebeenaverycuriousplace.Itwasadim,old-fashionedchamber,festoonedwithcobwebs,andbesprinkledwithantiquedust.Aroundthewallsstoodseveraloakenbookcases,thelowershelvesofwhichwerefilledwithrowsofgiganticfoliosandblack-letterquartos,andtheupperwithlittleparchment-coveredduodecimos.OverthecentralbookcasewasabronzebustofHippocrates,withwhich,accordingtosomeauthorities,Dr.Heideggerwasaccustomedtoholdconsultationsinalldifficultcasesofhispractice.Intheobscurestcorneroftheroomstoodatallandnarrowoakencloset,withitsdoorajar,withinwhichdoubtfullyappearedaskeleton.Betweentwoofthebookcaseshungalooking-glass,presentingitshighanddustyplatewithinatarnishedgiltframe.Amongmanywonderfulstoriesrelatedofthismirror,itwasfabledthatthespiritsofallthedoctorsdeceasedpatientsdweltwithinitsverge,and,AnalysisofDr.HeideggersExperiment,wouldstarehiminthefacewheneverhelookedthitherward.Theoppositesideofthechamberwasornamentedwiththefull-lengthportraitofayounglady,arrayedinthefadedmagnificenceofsilk,satin,andbrocade,andwithavisageasfadedasherdress.Abovehalfacenturyago,Dr.Heideggerhadbeenonthepointofmarriagewiththisyounglady;but,beingaffectedwithsomeslightdisorder,shehadswallowedoneofherloversprescriptions,anddiedonthebridalevening.Thegreatestcuriosityofthestudyremainstobementioned;itwasaponderousfoliovolume,boundinblackleather,withmassivesilverclasps.Therewerenolettersontheback,andnobodycouldtellthetitleofthebook.Butitwaswellknowntobeabookofmagic;andonce,whenachambermaidhadliftedit,merelytobrushawaythedust,theskeletonhadrattledinitscloset,thepictureoftheyoungladyhadsteppedonefootuponthefloor,andseveralghastlyfaceshadpeepedforthfromthemirror;whilethebrazenheadofHippocratesfrowned,andsaid,-Forbear!
AnalysisofDr.HeideggersExperiment,倘种种传言无误,海大夫的书房一定非比寻常。
这屋子阴暗破旧,蛛网垂垂,灰尘厚厚。
沿墙一溜橡木书橱,底层挤满巨大的对开本与黑体字的四开本。
上层是羊皮纸封面的十二开本。
中间的书橱上摆一尊希波克拉底的铜像,据可靠消息,海大夫每遇疑难病症就向这位医家鼻祖讨教。
屋子最阴暗的角落,立着一只又高又细的橡木柜,柜门虚掩,里头多半是具骷髅。
有两只书橱之间挂着块镜子,高大的镜面盖满灰尘,镜框的镀金业已褪色。
与这镜子相关的奇谈之一是,被海大夫治死的病人亡魂就住在镜子里,只要他朝镜子瞧一眼,亡魂们就对他怒目而视。
书橱对面装饰着一幅全身画像,画中人是位年轻女郎;浑身绫罗绸缎,容颜与那身华服一样日久褪色。
半个多世纪以前,海大夫差点儿就娶了这位姑娘,可惜由于忙中出错,小姐误吞恋人一剂药,婚礼前夜芳魂悠悠出窍。
这座书房怪中之怪还没说呢。
那是一部笨重硕大的对开本书籍,黑皮装帧,巨大的银搭扣。
封面无字,无人知晓此书标题。
但谁都知道此书具有魔法。
有一回,女仆抬起它来,不过想刷刷灰尘,木柜里的骷髅便格格乱响,画中女郎也抬起一只脚走下地板,大镜子里探出好几张鬼脸,而希波克拉底的铜像则眉头一皱,斥道:
“别动!
”,AnalysisofDr.HeideggersExperiment,sectionIWhatimportancedoesaroseplayinthestory?
WhowasSylviaWard?
WheredidDr.Heideggergetthewaterinthevase?
Describethe“magic”water.WhydoesntDr.Heideggerwanttobeyoungagain?
HowdidtheguestsreacttoDr.Heideggerssuggestionthattheydrawupafewgeneralrulesfortheirguidance?
AnalysisofDr.HeideggersExperiment,sectionIIWhydidthecharactershavetobethekindonecouldnotadmire?
Didtheiractionsafterdrinkingthemagicliquidimpressyouasfunnyorsad?
WhatisHawthornesanswertothequestiononwhichthestoryhinges:
wouldweliveourlivesdifferentlyifwecouldlivethemover?
Doyouagreewithhisconclusion?
Whatvalueisthereinspeculatingonasituationthatcouldnothappeninactuallife?
AnalysisofDr.HeideggersExperiment,Whatisthefunctionofthemirrorinthestory?
Doyoufeelthatthismanipulationaddstoordetractsfromtheeffectivenessofthestoryasawhole?
Whichelementsinthestoryareromantic?
Whicharerealistic?
Wasitgoodtohavearatioofthreementoonewoman?
Whynottwomenandtwowomen?
WhydoyouthinkHawthornechoseawomanwhoinheryouthhadbeencourtedbythemen?
AnalysisofDr.HeideggersExperiment,Isthestoryanallegory?
Ifso,inwhatway?
Whatsymbols,ifany,areused?
HowdoesthisstoryillustrateHawthorneswritingintermsofthemeandtechniques.AnalyzethisstoryintermsoftherelatedprinciplesofshortstorywritingformulatedEdgarAllanPoe.(refertopage69Highlight),ReviewofPoesFormulationofShortStory,AccordingtoPoe:
theprimarypurposeofashortstoryistocreateaneffect,thenthewritermayproceedtofindtheeventsandcharactersinaidofconstructingtheeffect.Theveryfirstsentenceofthestoryshouldbringoutthiseffect.Ashortstorymustbeworkofbrevity-tobereadatonesitting.Itshouldbetheworkwithtotalityofeffect-theunityoftone,setting,charactersetc.Nowordshouldbeusedwhichdoesntcontributetothe“pre-establisheddesign”ofthework.Itistheworkofauthenticityandfinality-thelastsentenceshouldleavethereaderwithasenseoffinality.,AnalysisofDr.HeideggersExperiment,PlotAneccentricagingphysician,Dr.Heidegger,callstogetherhisoldfriendsandcontemporariestotesthiswatersofthefountainofyouth.Asthedoctorhimselfsitsbytoenjoytheshow,eachofhisfouragedfriendseagerlyquaffsmoreandmoreofthemagicpotion,eachdraughtfurthercarryingthembackwardsintotheirsharedyouth.Havinggrownyoung,smooth-skinnedandagileagain,thethreemenbegintofightforthefavorsofthefourthcompatriotnowrestoredtoherformerbeauty.,AnalysisofDr.HeideggersExperiment,Intheheatofthefracas,theybegintogrowtiredandknockovertheglassandsplashthemagicwater.Withinminutestheeffectofthewaterhaswornoff.Theparticipantsinthebriefrespitefromoldagearedevastatedbythetransienceoftheexperience.DespiteHeideggerswarningthathehaslearnedtoappreciatetheadvantageofagebywatchingthefourofthemmakethemselvesfools,theylearnednosuchlessonandresolvetomakeapilgrimagetoFloridatoseektheFountain.,AnalysisofDr.HeideggersExperiment,Characters,Dr.Heidegger-ascientistwhoistheprotagonistofthestory.ColonelKilligrew-amanwhothroughouthislifehashadmanydifferentsexualpartnersandmanydifferentpleasures.Mr.Medbourne-oncearichmerchantwholostmostofhismoneygambling,butclaimedthathelostitinastockinvestment.Mr.Gascoigne-apoliticianwhosecareerwascutshort.WidowWycherly-formerlyabeautifulwomanlovedbythethreegentlemen.Whenthefourdrinktheliquid,shebecomesbeautifulagainandeverybodystartstocompeteforherhand.,AnalysisofDr.HeideggersExperiment,CommentDr.HeideggersExperimentisashortstorywrittenbyNathanielHawthorneandpublishedin1837.Intheallegoricaltale,Dr.Heideggerexperimentsonfourofhisfriendsbyofferingthemwaterfromthefountainofyouth.Thisgivesthemtheabilitytogrowyoungonceagain.Allfour,whohaveledwast
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- Nathaniel Hawthorne 1804186425页PPT 1804 1864 25 PPT